Sensing, Analyzing, and Forecasting Evaluation (SAFE) System for Bioreactor Landfills

生物反应器垃圾填埋场传感、分析和预测评估 (SAFE) 系统

• 批准号: 0510091
• 负责人: Milind Khire
• 金额: $ 22.96万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0510091&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sensing; Analyzing; Forecasting; Evaluation; SAFE

ABSTRACT:During the past two decades, the majority of geotechnical and geoenvironmental research related to landfills using in-situ sensing systems and field methods has been focused on securing the boundaries of the landfills - caps and liners. This research concerns sensing the "heart" of landfills, which is the waste representing over 99% of the landfill. The proposed approach will use the data collected from sensors embedded in permeable blankets primarily used for routine leachate recirculation to continuously and in real-time model the changes in the hydraulic and thermal conductivities of waste. This is critical because hydraulic and thermal properties of the waste change as a result of settlement, decomposition, age, and other operational variables. Currently, we have only limited knowledge on the long-term behavior and risks associated with "megafills" operated as bioreactors. In addition, the proposed approach will be independently confirmed by doing controlled lab experiments using a lab-scale physical model of landfill followed by comprehensive numerical modeling and by conducting field tracer tests at an instrumented landfill site in Michigan.The research activities combine the use of well-established in-situ sensor technology to measure water content, liquid pressure, temperature, vertical stress, and settlement and sophisticated computer models in a unique manner to develop a knowledge base and preliminary framework for SAFE system capable of sensing, analyzing, and potentially forecasting landfill-specific behavior to optimize the performance of landfills and reduce environmental risks. Such sensor systems can be readily and consistently implemented at any landfill. This would herald the next era of landfill design, shifting the focus from boundaries to an overall landfill-specific approach.In parallel to the research activities, design of liquid injection systems for landfills will be interwoven with undergraduate research and course development. An easy to use labscale physical model of landfill will be designed and built to make it possible for students to observe, investigate, control, and interact with the hydraulics of liquid collection and injection systems in ways not previously possible. The relatively compact landfill demonstration model will provide an innovative educational tool for teaching landfill design or equivalent courses at Michigan State and other universities. This project will allow collaboration with landfill regulators and operators and will allow undergraduate students to participate in an existing NSF-funded international project, providing a unique research opportunity. It would also provide new learning directions for minorities and female students via local high school programs serving these groups that are actively tied to Michigan State University. The economic impacts of the proposed research will accrue with our ability to potentially reduce long-term risks and financial liabilities associated with over 2,000 ubiquitous active landfills in the U.S. and as recycled materials find an additional market.

摘要：在过去的二十年中，使用现场感应系统和现场方法，大多数与垃圾填埋场有关的岩土和地理环境研究都集中在确保垃圾填埋场的边界 - 盖子和衬里。这项研究涉及感知垃圾填埋场的“心脏”，垃圾填埋场占垃圾填埋场99％以上的废物。 所提出的方法将使用从嵌入的传感器中收集的数据，主要用于常规渗滤液再循环的可渗透毯子，以连续和实时模型，液压和热导电性的变化。 这很关键，因为由于沉降，分解，年龄和其他操作变量，废物变化的液压和热性能。 目前，我们对与生物反应器运行的“巨型”相关的长期行为和风险的知识有限。 此外，通过使用实验室尺度的垃圾填埋场物理模型进行受控的实验室实验，并通过在密歇根州的仪器填埋场进行野外示踪测试，从而独立确认所提出的方法。该研究活动结合了众所周知的水平，液体含量，液体压力和温度，温度，温度，垂直，温度，温度，温度，垂直，温度，温度，温度，温度，温度，垂直，温度，温度，垂直，温度，垂直，温度，温度，温度，垂直，温度，垂直，温度，垂直，温度，温度安全系统的初步框架，能够感知，分析并可能预测特定的垃圾填埋场行为，以优化垃圾填埋场的性能并降低环境风险。 此类传感器系统可以在任何垃圾填埋场都可以轻松地实施。 这将预示着下一个垃圾填埋场设计时代，将重点从边界转移到了整体垃圾填埋场特定的方法。在与研究活动的同时，垃圾填埋场的液体注入系统的设计将与本科研究和课程发展交织在一起。 将设计和建造易于使用的垃圾填埋场的实验室物理模型，以使学生可以以不可能的方式观察，调查，控制，控制和与液体收集和注入系统的液压进行互动。相对紧凑的垃圾填埋场演示模型将为密歇根州立大学和其他大学提供一种创新的教育工具，用于教授垃圾填埋场设计或同等课程。该项目将允许与垃圾填埋场监管机构和运营商合作，并允许本科生参加现有的NSF资助的国际项目，从而提供独特的研究机会。这还将通过当地的高中课程为少数民族和女学生提供新的学习指示，这些课程为这些与密歇根州立大学积极联系的团体提供服务。 拟议研究的经济影响将带来我们有能力降低美国与2,000多个无处不在的活跃垃圾填埋场相关的长期风险和金融负债的能力，并且随着回收材料找到额外的市场。