SGER: Effects of Strong Hurricanes on Genetic Diversity in Three Species of West Indian Phllostomid Bats

SGER：强飓风对三种西印度毛口蝙蝠遗传多样性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
0505866
负责人：
Theodore Fleming
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Miami
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-02-15 至 2007-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0505866&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SGER Effects Strong Hurricanes Genetic

项目摘要

Strong hurricanes are known to reduce population sizes of birds and bats on oceanic islands. Currently unknown, however, is whether these population losses include a loss of genetic diversity in island populations. This study will document the genetic effects of three strong Caribbean hurricanes in September 2004 on populations of three species of West Indian bats. Its basic hypothesis is that strong hurricanes reduce genetic diversity in bat populations and that plant-visiting species will suffer more than insectivorous species. Modern DNA techniques involving both mitochondrial and nuclear genes will be used to document and compare genetic diversity in pre- and post-hurricane samples from two species on Grand Cayman, which was devastated by Hurricane Ivan, and one species on Grand Bahama, which was damaged by Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne. Pre- and post-hurricane genetic samples from two of these species on Exuma, Bahamas, will be used as a control for storm effects; Exuma was not damaged significantly by Frances and Jeanne. This study will be the first to explicitly document the genetic consequences of strong storms on island vertebrates. Loss of genetic diversity as a result of hurricanes reduces the evolutionary potential of island species and puts them at substantial risk of extinction. Loss of plant-visiting bats on islands, in turn, could cause reduced plant reproductive success via reduced pollination and seed dispersal. Loss of insect-eating bats could lead to increased insect pest problems on islands.

众所周知，强烈的飓风可以减少海洋岛上鸟类和蝙蝠的种群。然而，目前未知的是，这些人口损失是否包括岛种群中遗传多样性的丧失。这项研究将记录2004年9月三场加勒比海飓风对三种西印度蝙蝠种群的遗传影响。它的基本假设是，强烈的飓风降低了蝙蝠种群的遗传多样性，而植物性访问的物种将比昆虫性物种遭受更多的影响。涉及线粒体和核基因的现代DNA技术将用于记录和比较大开曼飓风遭受飓风摧毁的大凯曼河畔两个物种的前后两个物种的遗传多样性，以及在大巴哈马上的一种物种，该物种遭到了飓风法国和飓风和吉恩的损害。来自exuma上两个物种的纯膜前后遗传样品，巴哈马，将用作风暴效应的控制。 Exuma并未受到Frances和Jeanne的严重破坏。这项研究将是第一个明确记录强风暴对岛脊椎动物的遗传后果的研究。由于飓风而导致的遗传多样性丧失会降低岛屿物种的进化潜力，并使它们具有很大的灭绝风险。反过来，岛上植物访问的蝙蝠的损失可能会通过减少授粉和种子扩散而导致植物生殖成功降低。食用虫的蝙蝠可能导致岛屿上的虫害问题增加。