Distributed Space-Time Communication For Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络的分布式时空通信

• 批准号: 0431205
• 负责人: Upamanyu Madhow
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0431205&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Distributed; Space; Time; Communication; Wireless

Wireless sensor networks have a large array of potential applications,including environmental monitoring, home and factory automation, andhomeland security. This research addresses efficient data collectionfrom sensor networks, which is one of the fundamental bottlenecks tolarge-scale deployment of low-cost sensor nodes. Two key difficultiesare scale (how to manage very large numbers of relativelyunsophisticated nodes) and energy (communication is energy-intensive,but sensor nodes must operate for months or years on battery, or byscavenging energy from the environment). This research has twocomplementary research thrusts, both investigating novel techniquesfor data collection from sensor networks, exploiting the naturaldistribution of sensor nodes in space. The first, termed virtualradar, enables deployment of extremely simple sensor nodes which donot need networking or position location functionality, by moving thecomplexity to a sophisticated data collection node. The secondapproach requires more sophisticated nodes, and increases energyefficiency and range by obtaining the functionality of multi-antennatransmission by intelligent coordination between neighboring(single-antenna) sensor nodes.In the first thrust, termed virtual radar, sensor nodes with activityto report electronically reflect a beacon transmitted by a"driveby" or "flyby" collector node, thuscreating a radar-like geometry. The collector employs sophisticatedsynthetic aperture radar like signal processing techniques to obtainan "image" of the activity in the sensor field.Tracking of events moving across the sensor field, and exploitingmultiple antennas at the collector, are investigated. The secondthrust, termed distributed transmission, involves investigation ofbeamforming, diversity and power gains obtained by coordinatingbetween neighboring nodes, as a function of the level ofsynchronization achieved among the nodes. Methods of achieving suchsynchronization are also considered.

无线传感器网络具有大量的潜在应用，包括环境监控，家庭和工厂自动化，Andhomeland Security。 这项研究介绍了从传感器网络中的有效数据收集，这是低成本传感器节点的基本瓶颈部署的基本瓶颈之一。 两个关键的困难量表（如何管理大量相对知名的节点）和能量（沟通是能量密集的，但是传感器节点必须在电池上运行几个月或数年，或者是通过环境中的能量进行的）。这项研究具有两组补充研究的推力，既研究了从传感器网络收集数据收集的新技术，从而利用了太空中传感器节点的自然分布。 第一个称为VirtualRadar，可以通过将这些功能转移到复杂的数据收集节点来部署极简单的传感器节点，需要网络或定位位置功能。 第二个操作需要更复杂的节点，并通过通过智能协调（单端）传感器节点在智能协调的情况下获得多种抗抗原的功能来提高能效和范围信标由“驱动器”或“ flyby”收集器节点传输，从而创建了雷达般的几何形状。 收集器采用复杂的共同孔径雷达，例如信号处理技术，以获取传感器场中活动的“图像”。对跨传感器场移动的事件进行跟踪，并研究了收集器的剥削天线。 第二个被称为分布的传输，涉及研究通过邻近节点之间的坐标，通过在节点之间达到的同步水平的函数来调查。 还考虑了实现这种同步的方法。