NIRT: Miniaturized Chemical Sensors Featuring Electrical Breakdown near Carbon Nanotube Tips

NIRT：微型化学传感器在碳纳米管尖端附近具有电击穿特性

• 批准号: 0403789
• 负责人: Nikhil Koratkar
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0403789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Miniaturized; Chemical; Sensors; Featuring

This NIRT proposal focuses on developing a novel carbon nanotube ionization chemical sensor for emergency rescue crews and first responders that will enable "on-site" monitoring. The proposed sensor is light-weight, compact, robust, affordable, consumes low power (battery operated) and can provide definitive identification of contaminants in real-time mode with fast response.Intellectual Merit: Our idea for sensing takes advantage of the extremely high electric fields that are generated near nanotube tips as a means of inducing ionization and electrical breakdown of the gas at low voltages. By monitoring the breakdown voltage, the gas can be identified (every gas has a characteristic breakdown behavior) and by monitoring the discharge current, the gas concentration can be determined. In this project we will perform a series of experiments with individual nanotubes as well as ensembles of tubes (electrode arrays) to gain a fundamental understanding of the basic mechanisms for ionization and breakdown of gas species and mixtures near nanotube electrodes. The experiments will be supported by density functional theory predictions for gas ionization near sharp nanotube tips. Based on the understanding gained from this study we will assemble integrated devices to detect trace amounts of analytes in mixtures and we will quantify the sensitivity, selectivity and sensor power consumption. Broader Impact: On-site chemical sensing is critical to environmental monitoring, control of chemical processes, space missions, agricultural and medical applications. Broader impact of sensing is also well recognized in light of homeland security issues. To integrate teaching and research we will introduce sensing experiments and multimedia virtual-labs into the curriculum. We will also connect to the outreach of the NSEC Center to introduce Nanotechnology to K-12 students and teachers.

该NIRT提案着重于为紧急救援人员和急救人员开发一种新型的碳纳米管电离化学传感器，该传感器将实现“现场”监测。提出的传感器是轻巧，紧凑，健壮，负担得起的，消耗了低功率（电池操作），可以在实时模式下以快速响应提供对污染物的确定识别：Intlectual Fure：我们的感测的想法利用了极高的电场，这些田野利用了在纳米管附近产生的极高的电场，作为诱导电离和电动造成电动机的降解和电动造成量的高量销量。通过监测击穿电压，可以识别气体（每种气体都有特征性的分解行为），并且通过监视排放电流，可以确定气体浓度。在这个项目中，我们将对单个纳米管以及试管的集合（电极阵列）进行一系列实验，以获得对纳米管电极附近气体和混合物的电离和分解的基本机制的基本理解。实验将由密度功能理论预测在尖锐的纳米管尖端附近的密度功能理论预测支持。基于从这项研究中获得的理解，我们将组装集成的设备，以检测混合物中的痕量分析物，我们将量化敏感性，选择性和传感器功耗。更广泛的影响：现场化学传感对于环境监测，化学过程的控制，太空任务，农业和医疗应用至关重要。鉴于国土安全问题，感应的更广泛的影响也得到了广泛认可。为了整合教学和研究，我们将在课程中介绍传感实验和多媒体虚拟-LAB。我们还将连接到NSEC中心的外展活动，向K-12学生和老师介绍纳米技术。