Evolution of insect-mediated pollination indicated by Palaeogene flowers and insects from Central Europe

中欧古近纪花卉和昆虫表明昆虫介导的授粉的进化

基本信息

批准号：
162121370
负责人：
Professor Dr. Torsten Wappler
金额：
--
依托单位：
Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/162121370?language=en
关键词：
Evolution insect mediated pollination indicated

项目摘要

Interactions among species are one of the most important drivers of the ecology and evolution of species. Throughout the last years, interesting insights into Palaeogene plant/insect associations from selected European localities (Messel, Eckfeld, Enspel) have been obtained. However, one component that was completely disregarded in all of these studies so far are the insect/flower associations. Because of their outstanding preservation quality of not just flowers and insects, but also direct evidence such as pollen-matching and gut content, the investigated localities offer world-wide unique requirements to study insect/flower associations. These are multifaceted and can be examined from botanical, entomological, ecological and evolutionary viewpoints that are often summarised under the heading of pollination biology. Given the fact that insect pollination is the dominant method of reproduction of flowering plants, which themselves comprise the bulk of the Palaeogene and modern flora, the role of insects in shaping major ecosystems cannot be underestimated. In this project, will combine for the first time quantitative studies of Palaeogene antagonistic and mutualistic associations between insects and their consumed/visited fowers from temperate ecosystems to answer following questions: To which extend does the fossil record of Palaeogene flowers reveal patterns relevant to insect pollination and angiosperm radiation and angiosperm success? Can the fossil data support an evaluation of mutualism in deep time coupled with morphological traits of the insects and flowers themselves? How stable are specific mutualistic relationships over geological time? Finally, estimates for special palaeobiological or palaeoecological adjustments for pollinator relationships in the Palaeogene will be obtained.

物种之间的相互作用是物种生态学和进化的最重要驱动因素之一。在过去的几年中，已经获得了对欧洲选定地区（Messel，Eckfeld，Enspel）的古代植物/昆虫关联的有趣见解。但是，到目前为止，在所有这些研究中完全无视的一个组成部分是昆虫/花的关联。由于它们的出色保存质量不仅是花朵和昆虫，而且还指导了诸如花粉匹配和肠道含量之类的直接证据，因此研究的地区为研究昆虫/花朵关联提供了全世界的独特要求。这些是多方面的，可以从植物学，昆虫学，生态和进化观点中进行检查，这些观点通常在授粉生物学的标题下进行总结。鉴于昆虫授粉是开花植物的主要繁殖方法，该方法本身就是古代和现代植物的大部分，因此昆虫在塑造主要生态系统中的作用不可低估。在该项目中，将首次结合对昆虫及其消耗/访问的昆虫之间的古代拮抗和相互关联的定量研究，从温带生态系统中回答以下问题：在哪种问题上，古代花的化石记录与昆虫的授粉和angiosperm radiation and angiosperm radiation and angiosperm成功揭示了相关的模式？化石数据能否支持对互惠时代的评估，再加上昆虫和鲜花本身的形态特征？在地质时期，特定的共同关系的稳定程度如何？最后，将获得对古纪的特殊古生物学或古生态调节的估计。