The Oleander Project: Sustained Observation of Ocean Currents and Transports in the Gulf Stream and Adjacent Waters from New York to Bermuda

夹竹桃项目：对从纽约到百慕大的墨西哥湾流和邻近水域的洋流和运输的持续观测

• 批准号: 0241654
• 负责人: H. Thomas Rossby
• 金额: $ 137.08万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0241654&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Oleander; Project; Sustained; Observation; Ocean; Oleander; Project; Sustained; Observation; Ocean

0241654 RossbyTen years ago a program was initiated to directly measure upper-ocean currents from the U.S. continental shelf to Bermuda from a container vessel, the CMV Oleander, with special focus on long-term variations in the strength of the Gulf Stream. The high horizontal resolution repeat sampling of the Gulf Stream and adjacent gyres, made possible by the weekly shipping to Bermuda, has led to estimates of upper-ocean transports and their variability with an absolute accuracy previously unachievable. While any single estimate of upper-ocean transport will have an inherent uncertainty in the 15-20% range, repeat sampling can reduce this to just a few percent at most. For the 1993-2001 Oleander observing period, the largest observed inter-annual variations in Gulf Stream transport had a magnitude of +/-8%, peak-to-peak, when estimated annually. Since these variations appear to occur on time scales characteristic of the North Atlantic Oscillation, it is not yet clear whether these are typical, small, or large numbers. Nor can one at present distinguish between different hypotheses regarding forcing mechanisms. This project will continue the Oleander sampling program for another five years. Proposed enhancements include the installation of a new state-of-the art acoustic Doppler current profiler and optical compass. These will improve consistent sampling of the velocity field to significantly greater depths. EXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) casts along the Oleander track will continue to be taken monthly by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Scientific objectives include the investigation of linkages between four oceanographic regimes (outer continental shelf, Slope Sea, Gulf Stream, and Sargasso Sea) and their connections to large-scale forcing fields. In particular, observations obtained to date suggest a stronger thermohaline role to the variability of the Northwest Atlantic than perhaps previously recognized. These are complex issues and the Oleander data set will be far more effective when used in conjunction with other studies and modeling efforts. To facilitate such synergies, the Oleander's data will be acquired each time she enters port, and the processed data posted in near real-time on a web-based server. With a growing focus on real-time ocean forecasting, these observations and related products can play an increasingly useful role in forecast validation and model improvements. Other research activities can avail themselves of these data, and may find it advantageous to design field programs around this data availability. It is also proposed to prepare observations for use by a wider public, particularly the sailing community. The Graduate School of Oceanography at the University of Rhode Island has an active web-based program for the K-12 community and collaborations in this area will be explored.

0241654 Rossbyten几年前，启动了一项计划，直接从容器容器CMV Oleander直接测量从美国大陆架到百慕大的上海流，特别关注了墨西哥湾流的长期变化。每周运往百慕大，海湾流和邻近的Gyres的高水平分辨率重复采样导致了估计上海上运输的估计以及它们以前无法实现的绝对准确性。虽然任何对上海洋运输的单一估计都将在15-20％的范围内具有固有的不确定性，但重复采样最多只能将其降低至几％。在1993 - 2001年的夹骨观察期间，每年估计，墨西哥湾流传输中观察到的最大的年际变化幅度为+/- 8％，峰值峰值。由于这些变化似乎是出于北大西洋振荡的时间尺度的特征，因此尚不清楚这些变化是典型，小还是大数字。目前也不能区分有关强迫机制的不同假设。该项目将继续进行夹骨采样计划再持续五年。拟议的增强功能包括安装新的最先进的声学多普勒当前的剖面和光学指南针。这些将提高速度场的一致采样，从而显着更大。国家海洋渔业服务部每月将继续每月沿着夹骨轨道沿夹层轨道的消耗性沐浴者仪（XBT）演员。科学目标包括调查四个海洋学政权（外陆架，坡海，海湾溪流和萨尔加索海）之间的联系，以及它们与大规模强迫场的联系。特别是，迄今为止获得的观察结果表明，西北大西洋的变异性具有比以前认识的更强的作用。这些是复杂的问题，与其他研究和建模工作一起使用时，夹骨数据集将更加有效。为了促进此类协同作用，每次进入端口时，夹骨的数据将被获取，并在基于Web的服务器上实时张贴的处理数据。随着对实时海洋预测的越来越重视，这些观察结果和相关产品在预测验证和模型改进中起着越来越有用的作用。其他研究活动可能会利用这些数据，并且可能会发现围绕此数据可用性设计现场程序是有利的。还建议为更广泛的公众（尤其是帆船社区）使用观察结果。罗德岛大学海洋学研究生院为K-12社区提供了一个活跃的基于网络的计划，将探讨该领域的合作。