Is There an Ocean Primary Production Paradox(OP3)?

是否存在海洋初级生产悖论（OP3）？

• 批准号: 0221247
• 负责人: William Jenkins
• 金额: $ 167.5万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0221247&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: There; Ocean; Primary; Production; Paradox

ABSTRACTOCE-0221247Primary production and remineralization in oligotrophic ocean waters like those around Bermuda are phenomena of central importance in the ocean carbon-cycle and figure prominently in climate change impact modeling. Geochemical constraints on primary production at Bermuda, characterized by annual and longer time-scales and based on three fundamentally different systems, lead to quantitatively consistent estimates of new, net community and export production. This agreement between the three types of primary production would at first seem to be expected on such time-scales, but leads to the basic "Redfield Paradox ": nutrients advected or mixed upward into the euphotic zone must carry with them an associated oxygen debt (AOU) and dissolved inorganic carbon sufficient to negate largely the observed seasonal photosynthetic oxygen buildup and carbon drawdown. An exhaustive consideration of various explanations and scenarios that can be offered fail to explain the observations -- a dilemma here referred to as the "Ocean Primary Production Paradox (OP3)".A team of researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will re-examine the OP3 by simultaneously and definitively measuring all three geochemical systems over a period of three to four years. These three systems are, specifically, euphotic zone oxygen production, aphotic zone oxygen consumption, and nutrient flux-gauge determinations. The euphotic zone oxygen system will be constrained by the time-series measurement of the full suite of noble gases (He-Xe) plus O2 and N2,with emphasis on precision measurements of O2 and Ar (to 0.1%),the latter as a biogenic analog of oxygen. The other gases will be used to more completely constrain and refine the air-sea gas exchange and upper ocean model. Aside from addressing fundamental problem in ocean biogeochemistry, this work is expected to have considerably broader impact in the field of ocean geochemistry by providing the oceanographic community with new sampling technology (the noble gas sampler) that can be used in a broad variety of biogeochemical problems. The design and expertise will be made freely available to those who request it.

ABSTRACTOCE-0221247像百慕大周围这样的贫营养海洋水域的初级生产和再矿化是海洋碳循环中至关重要的现象，并且在气候变化影响模型中占有重要地位。百慕大初级生产的地球化学限制，其特点是每年和更长的时间尺度，并基于三个根本不同的系统，导致对新的、净社区和出口生产的定量一致的估计。 三种类型的初级生产之间的这种一致性乍一看似乎是在这样的时间尺度上预期的，但导致了基本的“雷德菲尔德悖论”：平流或向上混合进入真光带的养分必须伴随着相关的氧气债务（ AOU）和溶解的无机碳足以在很大程度上消除观察到的季节性光合氧积累和碳减少。 对各种可能提供的解释和情景的详尽考虑无法解释观测结果——这里的困境被称为“海洋初级生产悖论（OP3）”。伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的一组研究人员将重新检查OP3 通过在三到四年的时间内同时、明确地测量所有三个地球化学系统。 这三个系统具体来说是透光区氧气产生量、无透光区氧气消耗量和养分通量计测定。 透光区氧气系统将受到全套稀有气体（He-Xe）加O2和N2的时间序列测量的约束，重点是O2和Ar的精确测量（至0.1%），后者作为氧的生物类似物。 其他气体将用于更完全地约束和完善海气交换和上层海洋模型。除了解决海洋生物地球化学中的基本问题外，这项工作预计将在海洋地球化学领域产生更广泛的影响，为海洋学界提供可用于各种生物地球化学问题的新采样技术（稀有气体采样器） 。 设计和专业知识将免费提供给有请求的人。