Statistical Physics in Random Media

随机介质中的统计物理

• 批准号: 0229243
• 负责人: Daniel Fisher
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0229243&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Statistical; Physics; Random; Media

0229243FisherThis award supports theoretical research on the statistical physics of random media. Quenched randomness drastically alters the properties of many systems, especially their dynamics. A variety of systems in which many degrees of freedom interact in random media will be studied focusing on long time scale universal aspects of their behavior.One class of such system can undergo equilibrium phase transitions but they evolve extremely slowly towards equilibrium because of the necessity of overcoming large free energy barriers. For these, in particular spin glasses, both the nature of the non-equilibrium configurations that dominate observations and the equilibrium states towards which they strive are of interest. Many fundamental questions remain unanswered. A second class of random systems are those in which the dynamics and equilibrium properties are inextricably linked because of quantum mechanics. The destruction of superconductivity by quantum fluctuations will be investigated, focusing on the combined effects of randomness, quantum mechanics and dissipation.A third class, driven systems which are intrinsically far from equilibrium, can undergo novel types of non-equilibrium transitions, such as depinning from a stationary to a sliding "phase." Progress towards a better understanding of such transitions will be used to investigate the dynamics and statistics of earthquakes both on single faults and on interacting faults. Related issues in laboratory scale fracture will also be studied.%%%This theoretical research will study a variety of random systems ranging from magnetic glasses to earthquakes. The research addresses fundamental issues. The results of these studies may have broader applications to real materials.***

0229243鱼类奖支持关于随机培养基的统计物理学的理论研究。 淬灭的随机性会大大改变许多系统的特性，尤其是它们的动力学。 各种系统将在随机介质中进行许多自由度相互作用，重点关注其行为的长期尺度。这种系统可以进行平衡相变的阶段，但由于有必要，因此它们朝着平衡的趋势非常缓慢。克服大型自由能屏障。 对于这些，特别是自旋玻璃，占主导地位的观察结果的非平衡构型的性质和他们努力的平衡状态都引起了人们的关注。 许多基本问题仍未得到解决。 第二类随机系统是由于量子力学，动力学和平衡属性密不可分。 将研究量子波动对超导性的破坏，重点关注随机性，量子力学和耗散的综合作用。第三类，远离平衡的驱动系统可以经历新型的非平衡性过渡，例如depinning depinning从固定到滑动的“阶段”。 朝着更好地理解此类过渡的进展将用于研究单个断层和相互作用断层的地震的动态和统计。 还将研究实验室规模骨折中的相关问题。%% %%这项理论研究将研究从磁性眼镜到地震的各种随机系统。 该研究解决了基本问题。 这些研究的结果可能对真实材料有更广泛的应用。***