BE/CNH: Linking Human Socioeconomic and Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Along the Pacific Coast of Baja California, Mexico

BE/CNH：将墨西哥下加利福尼亚州太平洋沿岸的人类社会经济和海洋生态系统动态联系起来

• 批准号: 0216637
• 负责人: Fiorenza Micheli
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2006-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0216637&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Linking; Human; Socioeconomic; Marine

Small-scale fisheries are dominant actors in coastal marine ecosystems, engaging more than 90 percent of the fishers in the world and producing more than half of the world's annual marine catch. The dynamics of their operations and decision making are poorly understood, however. Scarcity of data, the multi-species and multi-fleet nature of most small-scale fisheries, and complex feedbacks among human institutions at the local, regional, and global scale render existing fisheries models inapplicable to most small-scale fisheries. Small-scale fisheries typically exploit multiple stocks, have limited mobility, and vary widely in the types of economic drivers, cultural values, and management systems regulating extraction. Most small-scale fishing is concentrated in coastal areas characterized by high productivity and diversity, such as coral reefs, coastal lagoons, and estuaries. In turn, these locales are maintained by complex interactions between oceanographic processes in the nearshore marine environment and exchanges occurring at the land-sea interface. Only the simultaneous consideration of these different facets of complexity will allow examination of higher-level, emergent behaviors that are likely to characterize these complex and variable systems. Examples of crucial questions that can be addressed only through simultaneous consideration of different biological and socioeconomic sources of variability are: (1) How robust are different management systems in the face of environmental variability and variable amounts and type of data? (2) What are the social, cultural, and economic correlates of management enforcement and users compliance? (3) What are the effects of local and regional dynamics of small-scale fisheries on the persistence of ecosystem function and structure? This research project will begin the process of developing an integrated theoretical framework regarding the coupled dynamics among small-scale fishers, coastal resources, and their biophysical setting in marine ecosystems of the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. A multidisciplinary group of researchers will develop models through the conduct of workshops and preliminary data-gathering activities. At the first workshop, researchers will initiate development of a series of stochastic, bioeconomic models that fuse ecological dynamics of benthic organisms with spatially and temporally explicit social and economic behavior of fishers. Researchers will assemble and synthesize existing physical, biological, economic, and anthropological data needed for parameterizing models and testing the model assumptions following the first workshop. The development of a framework for integrating models incorporating subsets of the complex interactions and feedbacks linking small-scale fisheries and their biological resources will be the focus of two additional workshops.The significance of this project are expected to be threefold. First, it will provide a holistic scientific understanding of the interactions between small-scale fisheries and their resources. Second, it will provide a better understanding of the drivers and consequences of human impacts in the coastal marine environment. Third, Baja California is a region of extraordinary productivity and biological diversity, currently considered one of the highest priorities for international conservation efforts. The study will provide a modeling framework for predicting the outcomes of new and future use of coastal resources in Baja California, including anticipated increases in population densities and coastal development in the region, and will start building a theoretical framework more broadly applicable to small-scale fisheries worldwide. In addition to enhancing fundamental scientific understandings, the project also offers prospects for practical implementation regarding the management of abalone and fisheries in the study region. This project is supported by an award resulting from the FY 2002 special competition in Biocomplexity in the Environment focusing on the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems.

小规模的渔业是沿海海洋生态系统中的主要参与者，吸引了世界上90％以上的渔民，并生产了全球年度海洋捕捞量的一半以上。 但是，他们的操作和决策的动态知之甚少。 大多数小规模渔业的数据，多种物种和多上旧性质的稀缺性以及当地，区域和全球规模的人类机构之间的复杂反馈，使现有的现有渔业模型可与大多数小规模渔业不适用。 小规模渔业通常利用多种股票的流动性有限，并且在经济驱动因素，文化价值和管理系统的类型中差异很大。 大多数小规模捕鱼集中在沿海地区，其特征是生产率高，例如珊瑚礁，沿海泻湖和河口。 反过来，这些地区是通过海洋环境中的海洋学过程与陆地海界面发生的交流之间的复杂相互作用来维持的。 只有同时考虑这些不同复杂性的各个方面才能检查可能表征这些复杂和可变系统的更高级别的新兴行为。 仅通过同时考虑不同的生物学和社会经济来源来解决的关键问题的示例是：（1）面对环境变异性以及可变量和数据类型，不同的管理系统的鲁棒性是多么健壮？ （2）管理执行和用户合规的社会，文化和经济相关性是什么？ （3）小型渔业的局部和区域动态对生态系统功能和结构的持久性有何影响？ 该研究项目将开始开发有关小型渔民，沿海资源及其在墨西哥巴哈太平洋海岸海洋生态系统中的生物物理环境中耦合动态的综合理论框架的过程。 一个多学科的研究人员将通过研讨会和初步的数据收集活动来开发模型。在第一个研讨会上，研究人员将启动一系列随机的生物经济模型，这些模型将底栖生物的生态动态与空间和时间上明确的渔民社会和经济行为融合在一起。 研究人员将组装和合成参数化模型所需的现有物理，生物学，经济和人类学数据，并在第一个研讨会之后测试模型假设。 整合模型的框架的开发，结合​​了连接小规模渔业及其生物资源的复杂相互作用和反馈的子集的重点。 首先，它将对小型渔业及其资源之间的相互作用提供整体科学理解。 其次，它将更好地了解沿海海洋环境中人类影响的驱动因素和后果。 第三，加利福尼亚州是一个非凡的生产力和生物多样性的地区，目前被认为是国际保护工作的最高优先事项之一。 该研究将提供一个建模框架，以预测加利福尼亚州巴哈沿海资源的新和未来使用的结果，包括预期该地区的人口密度和沿海发展的增加，并将开始更广泛地建立一个更广泛地适用于全球小型渔业的理论框架。 除了增强基本科学理解外，该项目还为研究区域的鲍鱼和渔业管理提供了实践的前景。 该项目得到了2002财年2002财年生物复杂性特殊竞争的奖励，该奖项着重于耦合的自然和人类系统的动态。