NER: Separtation of Nano-Sized Aquatic Particles by Electrically Assisted Tangential Flow Filtration: System Evaluation and Metal Speciation

NER：通过电辅助切向流过滤分离纳米级水生颗粒：系统评估和金属形态

• 批准号: 0209246
• 负责人: Chin-Pao Huang
• 金额: $ 8.39万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0209246&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NER; Separtation; Nano; Sized; Aquatic

0209246Huang This proposal was received in response to the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative NSF 01-157, category NER.Aquatic particulates, regardless of their chemical composition, have two very important properties that are closely related to water quality: particle size and surface charge. Chemical species, e.g., metal ions, are readily accumulated at the solid-water interface, which can affect the assessment (or determination) of "soluble" concentrations of chemical species in waters. Currently, the "insoluble" and "soluble" chemical species are determined by filtering water samples through 0.45-um filters; things that pass through the filter are "soluble" and things that are retained by the filter are considered insoluble". Accurate assessment of "soluble" or total chemical concentrations in waters requires an effective solid-water separation technique. As water quality standard becomes increasingly stringent, demand for effective separation of nano-sized particles from waters or wastewaters will increase. This will over-burden the current filtration practice of filtration with 0.45-um filters and render it ineffective. The proposed research project will test two hypotheses: (1) Electrically assisted tangential flow (EATF) filter can perform independently of membrane selection; (2) The distribution of metal ions in natural waters is affected not only by the particle size but also by the surface charge condition of naturally occurring particulates. The following specific objectives are to be achieved with carefully designed laboratory experiments: (1) design and evaluation of the performance of an electrically assisted tangential flow filtration system; (2) separation of selected nano-sized aquatic particulates both naturally occurring particles and pathogenic microorganisms, exemplified by Cryptosporidium, by EATF filtration, and (3) elucidation of the effect of surface charge and particle size of naturally occurring particulates on the distribution and speciation of selected meal ions. Success of this project will (1) contribute to theoretical development of EATF filtration process, (2) lead to the development of an innovative process for the separation of aquatic particles according to their size and surface charge conditions, (3) gain insight into the effect of particle size and surface charge conditions on the speciation of metals in natural waters, and (4) train two doctoral students with a multi-disciplinary program. The proposed research has the potential to eliminate or minimize membrane-fouling, promote reuse of electronic chip processing wastewater, and enable nano-scaled metal speciation.

0209246Huang 该提案是为了响应纳米科学与工程倡议 NSF 01-157，类别 NER。水生颗粒物，无论其化学成分如何，都具有与水质密切相关的两个非常重要的特性：颗粒大小和表面电荷。 化学物质，例如金属离子，很容易在固体-水界面处积聚，这会影响水中化学物质“可溶”浓度的评估（或确定）。 目前，“不溶”和“可溶”化学物质是通过0.45微米过滤器过滤水样来测定的；通过过滤器的物质是“可溶的”，而被过滤器保留的物质被认为是“不可溶的”。准确评估水中的“可溶”或总化学浓度需要有效的固水分离技术。随着水质标准的提高随着严格的要求，从水或废水中有效分离纳米颗粒的需求将会增加，这将使当前使用 0.45 微米过滤器的过滤实践负担过重，并使其无效。拟议的研究项目将测试两个假设：（1）。 ) 电气辅助切向流（EATF）过滤器的运行与膜的选择无关；（2）天然水中金属离子的分布不仅受到颗粒尺寸的影响，还受到天然颗粒的表面电荷状况的影响，具体目标如下。通过精心设计的实验室实验可以实现：（1）电辅助切向流过滤系统性能的设计和评估； (2) 通过 EATF 过滤分离选定的纳米级水生颗粒，包括天然存在的颗粒和病原微生物，例如隐孢子虫，以及 (3) 阐明天然存在颗粒的表面电荷和颗粒尺寸对分布和形态的影响选定的膳食离子。该项目的成功将 (1) 有助于 EATF 过滤工艺的理论发展，(2) 开发一种根据水生颗粒尺寸和表面电荷条件分离水生颗粒的创新工艺，(3) 深入了解颗粒尺寸和表面电荷条件对天然水中金属形态的影响，以及（4）通过多学科项目培养两名博士生。拟议的研究有可能消除或最大限度地减少膜污染，促进电子芯片加工废水的再利用，并实现纳米级金属形态形成。