MRI: Development of Integrative Instrumentation for A Nation-Wide Power System Frequency Dynamics Monitoring Network

MRI：全国电力系统频率动态监测网络综合仪器的开发

• 批准号: 0215731
• 负责人: Yilu Liu
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0215731&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Integrative; Instrumentation; Nation

AbstractThe characteristics of power system electromechanical dynamics and oscillations are complex and they are an integral part of most major system disturbances. Understanding these characteristics is essential for preventing catastrophic failures and blackouts. Until now, the complete picture of how the entire US power system behaves during disturbances is not well understood. Any information we have is from computer simulations that are subject to model errors and simplifications. Complete models for nonlinear loads are not available despite the critical roles they play in system dynamics. Most of all, no model could capture the time varying nature of power system operational conditions over long time spans. System frequency (and its rate of change) is one of the most important measures of the electric power system behavior. Individual frequency measurements made so far are meant for limited local use and do not have the accuracy and synchronization necessary for system level analysis.This project proposes to develop instrumentation for a wide-area frequency monitoring network (FNET) with research focus on power system dynamics measurement, analysis, and control. The proposed integrative instrumentation has the following unique features: (1) Phasor Measurement techniques will be used for precise dynamic frequency calculations, (2) Global Positioning System (UPS) synchronized time pulses will drive data sampling and time stamps. (3) Nation-wide system frequency information will be collected from potentially hundreds of sites chosen to satisfy observability criteria. (4) Internet will facilitate continuous data collection and results dissemination.(5) Measurements will be taken at 110Volt single-phase power outlets with the proposed frequency recording units (FRUs). Here, one crucial innovation is to make measurement at the 1 1OV level to avoid many obstacles in high voltage substation installations. This will reduce overall cost and enable measurements to be made easily and flexibly at many locations.The proposed instrumentation development work includes design and development of a GPS/Internet based frequency monitoring network (FNET) that includes (1) frequency recording unit (FRU) development. (2) information management system (IMS) design, and (3) both real-time and offline data processing algorithm development.For the first time, the proposed FNET will make the global observation of the vast power network behavior possible. New observations from FNET could take the power system research to an entirely new level. A clear understanding of the phenomena will lead to innovative counter-measures against system blackouts, and increased reliability of nation's critical electric power system infrastructure under the deregulated environment. As more understanding of the complex power system dynamics is gained with the help of the first-hand FNET measurement data, it may be possible to devise early warning systems and activate control actions at selected points to damp system oscillations and prevent catastrophic power system failures.FNET opens a new window to the "world" of large power system behavior. Such information for education and training was never possible before.

摘要电力系统机电动力学和振荡的特征是复杂的，它们是大多数主要系统干扰的组成部分。了解这些特征对于防止灾难性失败和停电至关重要。到目前为止，尚不清楚整个美国电力系统在干扰期间的表现的完整图片。我们拥有的任何信息都来自计算机模拟，这些模拟受模型错误和简化的约束。尽管它们在系统动力学中扮演着关键的角色，但仍无法使用非线性负载的完整模型。最重要的是，没有模型可以在长期跨越电源系统操作条件的时间变化。系统频率（及其变化率）是电力系统行为的最重要措施之一。到目前为止，进行的个人频率测量是有限的本地用途，并且没有系统级分析所需的准确性和同步。本项目建议开发仪器，以开发宽面积频率监测网络（FNET），研究重点是电力系统动力学测量，分析和控制。所提出的集成仪器具有以下独特功能：（1）相量测量技术将用于精确的动态频率计算，（2）全局定位系统（UPS）同步时间脉冲将驱动数据采样和时间戳。 （3）全国范围内的系统频率信息将从选择的数百个站点收集以满足可观察性标准。 （4）互联网将有助于连续数据收集和结果传播。（5）将在110伏单相功率插座上进行测量，并使用拟议的频率记录单元（FRU）进行测量。在这里，一种关键的创新是在1 1ov级别进行测量，以避免高压变电站安装中的许多障碍。这将降低整体成本，并在许多位置轻松，灵活地进行测量。拟议的仪器开发工作包括设计和开发基于GPS/Internet的频率监控网络（FNET），其中包括（1）频率记录单元（FRU）开发。 （2）信息管理系统（IMS）设计，以及（3）实时和离线数据处理算法开发。首次，提出的FNET将使对庞大的电力网络行为的全球观察成为可能。 FNET的新观察可能会将电力系统研究提升到一个全新的水平。对现象的清晰了解将导致对系统停电的创新反对，并在放松管制的环境下提高国家关键电力系统基础设施的可靠性。随着对复杂电力系统动力学的更多了解，在第一手FNET测量数据的帮助下，可以设计预警系统并激活所选点的控制动作，以潮湿系统振荡并防止灾难性动力系统故障。FNET为大型电力系统行为的“世界”打开了一个新的窗口。以前从未做出这样的教育和培训信息。