MRI: Development of Integrative Instrumentation for A Nation-Wide Power System Frequency Dynamics Monitoring Network

MRI：全国电力系统频率动态监测网络综合仪器的开发

• 批准号: 0215731
• 负责人: Yilu Liu
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0215731&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Integrative; Instrumentation; Nation

AbstractThe characteristics of power system electromechanical dynamics and oscillations are complex and they are an integral part of most major system disturbances. Understanding these characteristics is essential for preventing catastrophic failures and blackouts. Until now, the complete picture of how the entire US power system behaves during disturbances is not well understood. Any information we have is from computer simulations that are subject to model errors and simplifications. Complete models for nonlinear loads are not available despite the critical roles they play in system dynamics. Most of all, no model could capture the time varying nature of power system operational conditions over long time spans. System frequency (and its rate of change) is one of the most important measures of the electric power system behavior. Individual frequency measurements made so far are meant for limited local use and do not have the accuracy and synchronization necessary for system level analysis.This project proposes to develop instrumentation for a wide-area frequency monitoring network (FNET) with research focus on power system dynamics measurement, analysis, and control. The proposed integrative instrumentation has the following unique features: (1) Phasor Measurement techniques will be used for precise dynamic frequency calculations, (2) Global Positioning System (UPS) synchronized time pulses will drive data sampling and time stamps. (3) Nation-wide system frequency information will be collected from potentially hundreds of sites chosen to satisfy observability criteria. (4) Internet will facilitate continuous data collection and results dissemination.(5) Measurements will be taken at 110Volt single-phase power outlets with the proposed frequency recording units (FRUs). Here, one crucial innovation is to make measurement at the 1 1OV level to avoid many obstacles in high voltage substation installations. This will reduce overall cost and enable measurements to be made easily and flexibly at many locations.The proposed instrumentation development work includes design and development of a GPS/Internet based frequency monitoring network (FNET) that includes (1) frequency recording unit (FRU) development. (2) information management system (IMS) design, and (3) both real-time and offline data processing algorithm development.For the first time, the proposed FNET will make the global observation of the vast power network behavior possible. New observations from FNET could take the power system research to an entirely new level. A clear understanding of the phenomena will lead to innovative counter-measures against system blackouts, and increased reliability of nation's critical electric power system infrastructure under the deregulated environment. As more understanding of the complex power system dynamics is gained with the help of the first-hand FNET measurement data, it may be possible to devise early warning systems and activate control actions at selected points to damp system oscillations and prevent catastrophic power system failures.FNET opens a new window to the "world" of large power system behavior. Such information for education and training was never possible before.

摘要 电力系统机电动力学和振荡特性复杂，是大多数主要系统扰动的组成部分。了解这些特征对于防止灾难性故障和停电至关重要。到目前为止，人们对整个美国电力系统在骚乱期间的表现尚不清楚。我们拥有的任何信息均来自计算机模拟，可能存在模型错误和简化。尽管非线性载荷在系统动力学中发挥着关键作用，但完整的非线性载荷模型尚不可用。最重要的是，没有任何模型可以捕捉电力系统运行条件在长时间跨度内的随时间变化的性质。系统频率（及其变化率）是衡量电力系统行为的最重要指标之一。迄今为止进行的单独频率测量仅限于本地使用，并且不具备系统级分析所需的准确性和同步性。该项目建议开发用于广域频率监测网络（FNET）的仪器，重点研究电力系统动力学测量、分析和控制。所提出的综合仪器具有以下独特功能：（1）相量测量技术将用于精确的动态频率计算，（2）全球定位系统（UPS）同步时间脉冲将驱动数据采样和时间戳。 (3) 将从数百个为满足可观测性标准而选择的站点收集全国范围的系统频率信息。 (4) 互联网将促进持续的数据收集和结果传播。(5) 将使用建议的频率记录单元 (FRU) 在 110 伏单相电源插座上进行测量。在这里，一项关键的创新是在 1 1OV 电平进行测量，以避免高压变电站安装中的许多障碍。这将降低总体成本，并使测量能够在许多地点轻松灵活地进行。拟议的仪器开发工作包括设计和开发基于 GPS/互联网的频率监测网络 (FNET)，其中包括 (1) 频率记录单元 (FRU)发展。 （2）信息管理系统（IMS）设计，（3）实时和离线数据处理算法开发。所提出的FNET将首次使对庞大电力网络行为的全球观察成为可能。 FNET 的新观察结果可能会将电力系统研究提升到一个全新的水平。对这一现象的清晰了解将导致针对系统停电的创新对策，并在放松管制的环境下提高国家关键电力系统基础设施的可靠性。随着借助第一手 FNET 测量数据对复杂电力系统动态有了更多了解，就有可能设计预警系统并在选定点激活控制操作，以抑制系统振荡并防止灾难性电力系统故障。 FNET 打开了一扇了解大型电力系统行为“世界”的新窗口。用于教育和培训的此类信息以前是不可能的。