NER: Magnetically Activated Nanoporous Structures for Biomedical Applications

NER：用于生物医学应用的磁激活纳米孔结构

• 批准号: 0210033
• 负责人: Craig Grimes
• 金额: $ 9万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210033&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NER; Magnetically; Activated; Nanoporous; Structures

This proposal was received in response to the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative, Program Solicitation NSF 01-157, in the NER category. The proposal focuses on innovative materials synthesis strategies to create both passive, and magnetically-driven mechanically active precision separation membranes. Of particular interest is the development and characterization of well-controlled, stable, and uniform nano-dimensional membranes capable of the separation of viruses and/or proteins during the blood fractionation processes and the blocking of antibodies and complement molecules from encapsulated xenogeneic cells. It is hypothesized that high surface area cylindrical capsules the walls of which are comprised of nanoporous membranes, created via a two-step process of electric-field driven anodization of aluminum or titanium, can be used for the absolute filtration or exclusion of biomolecules in the nanometer range. For a given capsule, a windowpane structure is used with anodized nanoporous windows, and un-anodized aluminum struts for structural support. The aluminum anodization process enables precise control of pore size, with a controllable pore diameter of approximately 10 nm to 100 nm depending upon anodizing voltage. Beyond making passive membranes, the investigators propose fabrication of cylindrical nanoporous biocapsules incorporating magnetoelastic elements. Incorporation of the magnetoelastic elements enable the biocapsule to be mechanically vibrated, remotely from a distance, by application of a time-varying magnetic field that should enable controlled transport through the membrane. A magnetoelastic thick film layer will be electroplated onto the aluminum structural supports of the capsule. Such capsules could possibly find application as in-vivo drug delivery devices, where needed medicine is delivered in precise amounts by external application of a magnetic field. As a further aspect of the proposed research, the investigators seek to build upon their expertise in fabrication of nanoporous alumina films of high uniformity to fabricate surface coatings comprised of perpendicularly oriented gold-coated magnetostrictive nanowire arrays. The utility of these arrays will be investigated for their utility in prevention of biofouling. It is hypothesized that the needle-like shape of the nanowire array elements, and the wave-like movement of the magnetostrictive nanowire array in response to a time-varying non-uniform magnetic field, will help prevent protein attachment to the surface, and could ultimately be used to move or transfer cells across the surface. The proposed research will determine optimal routes for fabrication of the nanoporous capsules with attention to membrane functionality as biological filters. The application of passive nanoporous biocapsules for cellular encapsulation and immunoisolation, and mechanically active biocapsules for controlled transport and delivery through the nanoporous membranes will be investigated. In addition, the use of magnetostrictive nanowire arrays will be investigated for their use in the prevention of biofouling. The proposed outcomes are: (1) Determining a path for in-situ or in-vivo controlled drug delivery by application of an external time varying magnetic field. (2) Determination of a surface that would prevent biofouling, facilitating the introduction of medical devices into the human body.

该提案是为了响应 NER 类别中的纳米科学与工程计划、计划征集 NSF 01-157 而收到的。 该提案重点关注创新材料合成策略，以创建被动和磁驱动机械主动精密分离膜。特别令人感兴趣的是控制良好、稳定且均匀的纳米尺寸膜的开发和表征，该膜能够在血液分离过程中分离病毒和/或蛋白质，并从封装的异种细胞中阻断抗体和补体分子。 据推测，高表面积圆柱形胶囊的壁由纳米多孔膜组成，通过电场驱动铝或钛阳极氧化的两步过程产生，可用于绝对过滤或排除生物分子。纳米范围。 对于给定的胶囊，窗玻璃结构与阳极氧化纳米多孔窗一起使用，并使用未阳极氧化的铝支柱作为结构支撑。 铝阳极氧化工艺能够精确控制孔径，根据阳极氧化电压，孔径可控制在约 10 nm 至 100 nm 之间。 除了制造被动膜之外，研究人员还建议制造包含磁致弹性元件的圆柱形纳米多孔生物胶囊。 磁弹性元件的结合使生物胶囊能够通过施加时变磁场进行远距离机械振动，从而实现通过膜的受控运输。 磁致弹性厚膜层将电镀到胶囊的铝结构支撑件上。 这种胶囊可能会被用作体内药物输送装置，通过外部施加磁场以精确的量输送所需的药物。 作为拟议研究的另一个方面，研究人员寻求利用他们在制造高均匀性纳米多孔氧化铝薄膜方面的专业知识来制造由垂直取向的镀金磁致伸缩纳米线阵列组成的表面涂层。 将研究这些阵列在防止生物污垢方面的效用。 据推测，纳米线阵列元件的针状形状以及磁致伸缩纳米线阵列响应时变非均匀磁场的波状运动将有助于防止蛋白质附着到表面，并且可以最终用于在表面上移动或转移细胞。拟议的研究将确定纳米多孔胶囊制造的最佳路线，并关注膜作为生物过滤器的功能。 将研究用于细胞封装和免疫隔离的被动纳米多孔生物胶囊的应用，以及通过纳米多孔膜进行受控运输和递送的机械活性生物胶囊的应用。 此外，还将研究磁致伸缩纳米线阵列在防止生物污垢方面的用途。 提出的结果是：（1）通过应用外部时变磁场确定原位或体内受控药物输送的路径。 (2) 确定可防止生物污染的表面，促进医疗器械进入人体。