Collaborative Proposal: An Integrated Study Of The Controls On Reactivity Of Natural Organic Matter In Porous Media

合作提案：多孔介质中天然有机物反应性控制的综合研究

• 批准号: 0106763
• 负责人: Patricia Maurice
• 金额: $ 18.2万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0106763&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Integrated; Study; Controls

0106763MauriceThe work to develop molecular-scale understanding of the interactions of natural organic matter (NOM) with mineral surfaces would quantify how the preferential adsorption of higher molecular-weight and more aromatic NOM components to mineral surfaces (sorptive fractionation) affects both the transformation of terrestrial organic carbon and the transport of pollutants through porous media. The molecular-scale adsorption studies would pursue understanding of NOM adsorption mechanisms characterizing NOM molecular weight distributions in soil pore waters and shallow ground waters to determine whether the lognormal distribution model also holds in subsurface environments. They would quantify how sorptive fractionation of NOM affects the binding and mobility of trace metals and NOM photochemical reactivity. The three broad objectives are:(1) To expand molecular-scale studies aimed at developing a more quantitative and mechanistic understanding of NOM adsorption and fractionation processes;(2) To determine the effect of sorptive fractionation on NOM reactivity with respect to trace-metal binding and mobility with respect to photoreactions;(3) To continue to integrate laboratory and field studies, with the ultimate long-term goal of better understanding adsorption/fractionation phenomena as they actually occur in the field. The proposed research has broad significance within the hydrologic sciences, because NOM is ubiquitous and helps to control mineral soil aggregate stability, and photochemical reactions. As to practical applications, little is known about watershed processes controlling the nature of NOM in water supplies. The drinking water industry must address the problem of disinfectant, with chlorine or ozone and both reactivities depend in large part on NOM aromaticity.

0106763Maurice 开发对天然有机物（NOM）与矿物表面相互作用的分子尺度理解的工作将量化较高分子量和更多芳香族 NOM 成分对矿物表面的优先吸附（吸附分馏）如何影响陆地的转化有机碳和污染物通过多孔介质的传输。 分子尺度吸附研究将致力于了解表征土壤孔隙水和浅层地下水中 NOM 分子量分布的 NOM 吸附机制，以确定对数正态分布模型是否也适用于地下环境。 他们将量化 NOM 的吸附分馏如何影响痕量金属的结合和迁移率以及 NOM 光化学反应性。三大目标是：(1) 扩大分子规模研究，旨在对 NOM 吸附和分馏过程有更定量和更机械的理解；(2) 确定吸附分馏对 NOM 痕量金属反应性的影响光反应方面的结合和迁移率；（3）继续整合实验室和现场研究，最终的长期目标是更好地了解现场实际发生的吸附/分馏现象。 这项研究在水文科学领域具有广泛的意义，因为 NOM 无处不在，有助于控制矿质土壤团聚体稳定性和光化学反应。至于实际应用，人们对控制供水中 NOM 性质的流域过程知之甚少。 饮用水行业必须解决消毒剂的问题，包括氯或臭氧，这两种反应性在很大程度上取决于 NOM 的芳香性。