Collaborative Research: Southern Ocean Iron Experiments (SOFEX)

合作研究：南大洋铁实验（SOFEX）

• 批准号: 0000365
• 负责人: Frank Millero
• 金额: $ 50.58万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0000365&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Southern; Ocean; Iron

ABSTRACTOCE-9911481, OCE-0000364, OCE-0000365, OCE-0000363, OCE-0000362, OCE-0000361In recent years, studies of dissolved iron in the ocean and the results of open-ocean iron enrichments experiments have demonstrated that the growth and biomass of phytoplankton are limited by low concentrations of available iron in waters characterized by high concentrations of dissolved nitrate and low standing stocks of chlorophyll ("HNLC waters"). The seminal open-water iron fertilization experiments were done in the early 1990's in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Since that time, abundant new evidence has come to light that an even more extensive, and globally significant, HNLS region exists in the broad eastwardly flowing Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica.In this project, researchers at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Rutgers University, Oregon State University, University of Miami, and Lamont-Dougherty Earth Observatory will perform an open-water iron fertilization experiment in the Southern Ocean in regions just north of and just south of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone (APFZ) along 170'W, an area characterized by high major nutrients and extremely low dissolved iron concentrations. The team will investigate (1) the role of iron on the biological pump in silicate-rich versus silicate-poor HNLC waters, (2) iron mediation of differential drawdown of major nutrients, (3) iron limitation of carbon fixation and export from surface waters, (4) the biophysical response to added iron, and (5) the potential effect of iron-induced carbon export on midwater remineralization and denitrification. The underlying hypothesis driving this field study is that the rate of phytoplankton production and the quantity of plant biomass in the Southern Ocean are differentially limited across the APFZ by iton and silicate availability during the major growth season and are responsible for the persistence of the HNLC condition. The results of this work are expected to contribute significantly to our understanding of important biogeochemical processes in the Southern Ocean. Factors that control the rate of new production bear directly on the global carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and climate control.This Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX), north and south of the APFZ, will be carried out in a single field expedition in the austral summer of 2001-2002.

ABSTRACTOCE-9911481、OCE-0000364、OCE-0000365、OCE-0000363、OCE-0000362、OCE-0000361近年来，对海洋中溶解铁的研究以及公海铁富集实验的结果表明，生长和生物量浮游植物的数量受到特征水域中有效铁浓度低的限制由于高浓度的溶解硝酸盐和低浓度的叶绿素储备（“HNLC 水”）。 20世纪90年代初期，在赤道东太平洋进行了开创性的开放水域铁施肥实验。 从那时起，大量的新证据表明，在南极洲周围广阔的向东流动的南大洋中存在着一个更广泛的、具有全球意义的 HNLS 区域。 在这个项目中，俄勒冈州罗格斯大学莫斯兰丁海洋实验室的研究人员州立大学、迈阿密大学和拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测站将在南极极地锋区以北和以南的南大洋地区进行开放水域铁施肥实验(APFZ) 沿 170'W，该区域的主要营养成分较高，溶解铁浓度极低。 该团队将研究（1）铁对富含硅酸盐和贫硅酸盐 HNLC 水域中生物泵的作用，（2）铁对主要营养物质差异下降的调节，（3）铁对碳固定和表面输出的限制水域，（4）对添加铁的生物物理反应，以及（5）铁引起的碳输出对中水再矿化和反硝化的潜在影响。 推动这项实地研究的基本假设是，南大洋浮游植物的生产速率和植物生物量在主要生长季节期间受到 Iton 和硅酸盐可用性的不同限制，并且是 HNLC 条件持续存在的原因。 。 这项工作的结果预计将大大有助于我们了解南大洋重要的生物地球化学过程。 控制新产量速率的因素直接影响全球碳循环、大气二氧化碳浓度和气候控制。这次南大洋铁实验（SOFeX）将在APFZ北部和南部进行，将在一次野外考察中进行2001年至2002年的南方夏天。