Neural Control of Locomotory Speed Changes in a Mollusk

软体动物运动速度变化的神经控制

基本信息

批准号：
9904424
负责人：
Richard Satterlie
金额：
$ 27.03万
依托单位：
Arizona State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-09-01 至 2003-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9904424&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Neural Control Locomotory Speed Changes

项目摘要

The proposed project involves an electrophysiological investigation of twotypes of locomotory speed changes in the pteropod mollusk Clione limacina.Clione exhibits both a dramatic speed change, analogous to a gait change inhigher animals, and a more subtle speed change, equivalent to a change inspeed within a single gait. Since the nervous system of Clione isrelatively simple, we can investigate these speed changes at a level notallowed in higher animals. This model system should provide backgroundinformation on the reorganization of central circuitry in rhythmiclocomotory systems that allows increases in the frequency and strength oflocomotory movements. We will use a variety of techniques, includingelectrophysiological recordings of identified neurons, force recordingsfrom the locomotory musculature and immunohistochemical identification ofneurons that release serotonin, a prime modulator that differentiallytriggers the two types of speed changes in Clione. Basic research of this type uncovers "rules" of how rhythmic behaviors areorganized at the circuit and cellular levels, and how variability in thesebehaviors is achieved by various types of sensory inputs. These rules canbe used in investigations of rhythmic behaviors in higher, more complexanimals. In addition, investigation of simple model locomotory systemsprovides useful information for the fields of robotics andcomputer-assisted muscle stimulation in para- and quadriplegics.

拟议的项目涉及对pteropod速度变化的两种运动型变化的电生理研究。Clioneclione既表现出巨大的速度变化，类似于步态变化的动物，并且更加微妙的速度变化，相当于在单个步态中的变化。由于克利昂（Clione）的神经系统是简单的，因此我们可以在高等动物中不允许的水平研究这些速度变化。该模型系统应提供有关节奏群体中心电路重组的背景信息，以增加综合运动的频率和强度。我们将使用多种技术，包括鉴定神经元的电生理记录，从运动肌肉发作和免疫组织化学鉴定的效力记录，从而释放5-羟色胺，这是一种主要的调节剂，这是一种质量调节剂，它差异降低了Clione中的两种速度变化。这种类型的基础研究揭示了“规则”的“规则”，即节奏行为如何在电路和细胞水平上组织，以及这些行为的变异性如何通过各种类型的感觉输入来实现。这些规则可以用于调查更高，更复杂的较高的节奏行为。此外，对简单模型机车系统的调查为机器人技术和计算机辅助肌肉刺激的领域提供了有用的信息。