Neural Control of Locomotory Speed Changes in a Mollusk

软体动物运动速度变化的神经控制

基本信息

批准号：
9904424
负责人：
Richard Satterlie
金额：
$ 27.03万
依托单位：
Arizona State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-09-01 至 2003-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9904424&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Neural Control Locomotory Speed Changes

项目摘要

The proposed project involves an electrophysiological investigation of twotypes of locomotory speed changes in the pteropod mollusk Clione limacina.Clione exhibits both a dramatic speed change, analogous to a gait change inhigher animals, and a more subtle speed change, equivalent to a change inspeed within a single gait. Since the nervous system of Clione isrelatively simple, we can investigate these speed changes at a level notallowed in higher animals. This model system should provide backgroundinformation on the reorganization of central circuitry in rhythmiclocomotory systems that allows increases in the frequency and strength oflocomotory movements. We will use a variety of techniques, includingelectrophysiological recordings of identified neurons, force recordingsfrom the locomotory musculature and immunohistochemical identification ofneurons that release serotonin, a prime modulator that differentiallytriggers the two types of speed changes in Clione. Basic research of this type uncovers "rules" of how rhythmic behaviors areorganized at the circuit and cellular levels, and how variability in thesebehaviors is achieved by various types of sensory inputs. These rules canbe used in investigations of rhythmic behaviors in higher, more complexanimals. In addition, investigation of simple model locomotory systemsprovides useful information for the fields of robotics andcomputer-assisted muscle stimulation in para- and quadriplegics.

拟议的项目涉及对翼足类软体动物 Clione limacina 的两种运动速度变化进行电生理学研究。Clione 既表现出剧烈的速度变化（类似于高等动物的步态变化），也表现出更微妙的速度变化（相当于一个体内的速度变化）。单一步态。由于克里昂的神经系统相对简单，我们可以在高等动物不允许的水平上研究这些速度变化。该模型系统应提供有关节律运动系统中中央电路重组的背景信息，从而增加运动的频率和强度。我们将使用多种技术，包括已识别神经元的电生理记录、运动肌肉组织的力记录以及释放血清素的神经元的免疫组织化学鉴定，血清素是一种主要调节剂，可差异触发 Clione 的两种类型的速度变化。此类基础研究揭示了节律行为如何在电路和细胞水平上组织的“规则”，以及如何通过各种类型的感觉输入实现这些行为的可变性。这些规则可用于研究高等、更复杂动物的节律行为。此外，简单模型运动系统的研究为机器人技术和截瘫和四肢瘫痪的计算机辅助肌肉刺激领域提供了有用的信息。