COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Palebiology of Latitudinal Turnover Gradients -- Transoceanic Comparative Analyses

合作研究：纬度周转梯度的古生物学——跨洋比较分析

• 批准号: 9903030
• 负责人: David Jablonski
• 金额: $ 13.35万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9903030&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Palebiology; Latitudinal; Turnover

9903030JablonskiLatitudinal diversity gradients form one of the most dramatic and pervasive biodiversity patterns shared by both marine and terrestrial systems. However, the evolutionary dynamics underlying such gradients are highly controversial, in part because of the lack of empirical data. We propose to undertake comparative analyses of the species-level evolutionary dynamics that underlie marine latitudinal diversity trends using Eastern Pacific, Japanese, and Sakhalin Neogene molluscan faunas (0 - ca. 15 million years ago). We will quantify species origination and extinction rates for latitudinally arrayed biotic provinces along each coast using Lyellian Percentages, "backwards survivorship curves", and stratigraphic durations of species. In addition, we will investigate how variations in body size and life-habit attributes, both within and among clades, influence evolutionary rates and species durations. We will use the Eastern and western Pacific faunas as parallel natural experiments for testing hypotheses on diversity controls and the organization of biotic patterns along latitude. This comparative approach will allow us to factor out the regional effects of geological history, geography and other relevant variables, and to test for the generality of our results.

9903030Jablonski 纬度多样性梯度形成了海洋和陆地系统共有的最引人注目和最普遍的生物多样性模式之一。 然而，这种梯度背后的进化动力学备受争议，部分原因是缺乏经验数据。我们建议利用东太平洋、日本和萨哈林岛新近纪软体动物群（0 - 约 1500 万年前）对构成海洋纬度多样性趋势的物种级进化动态进行比较分析。我们将使用莱尔百分比、“向后生存曲线”和物种的地层持续时间来量化每个海岸沿纬度排列的生物区的物种起源和灭绝率。此外，我们还将研究进化枝内部和进化枝之间的体型和生活习惯属性的变化如何影响进化速率和物种持续时间。我们将使用东太平洋和西太平洋动物区系作为平行的自然实验，以测试有关多样性控制和沿纬度生物模式组织的假设。这种比较方法将使我们能够排除地质历史、地理和其他相关变量的区域影响，并检验我们结果的普遍性。