Dissertation Research: Does Habitat Heterogeneity Reduce Population Variability? An Experimental Analysis

论文研究：栖息地异质性是否会降低种群变异性？

基本信息

批准号：
9902350
负责人：
Joel Kingsolver
金额：
$ 1万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-05-01 至 2002-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9902350&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissertation Research Does Habitat Heterogeneity

项目摘要

9902350Kingsolver & HoekstraAll organisms experience variation in environmental conditions as weather and seasons change. This variation can induce variability in the size of a population that consequently increases the population's risk of extinction. The proposed research will experimentally test the hypothesis that heterogeneity of thermal microclimates within a habitat can reduce weather-induced variation in population dynamics. The research will analyze effects of habitat heterogeneity. Populations of Drosophila melanogaster that inhabit rotting apples in orchards will be used as a study system because both the animals and their habitat can be manipulated, and effects on individuals and populations can be quantified. The research will: (1) characterize environmental and within-habitat variation in temperature conditions that occur in apples; (2) quantify the effect of these temperature conditions on fitness of individual flies; and (3) experimentally manipulate the thermal heterogeneity of the orchard habitat to measure how it affects population dynamics of D. melanogaster. This research will contribute to a better understanding of how habitat heterogeneity and environmental variation affect animal populations. The results are especially important for conservation biology because they may improve predictions about how habitat modification will affect the persistence of rare or endangered species.

9902350 Kingsolver＆Hoekstraall生物体随着天气和季节的变化而在环境条件下经历差异。这种差异会导致人口规模的变异性，从而增加人口灭绝的风险。拟议的研究将在实验中检验以下假设：栖息地中热微气候的异质性可以减少天气引起的人口动态变化。该研究将分析栖息地异质性的影响。果蝇果蝇的种群居住在果园中的腐烂苹果将被用作研究系统，因为可以操纵动物及其栖息地，并且可以量化对个人和种群的影响。该研究将：（1）表征苹果中发生的温度条件的环境和内在变化；（2）量化这些温度条件对单个果蝇适应性的影响；（3）通过实验操纵果园栖息地的热异质性，以测量其如何影响D. melanogaster的种群动态。这项研究将有助于更好地了解栖息地的异质性和环境变化如何影响动物种群。结果对于保护生物学尤为重要，因为它们可能会改善有关栖息地修饰将如何影响稀有物种或濒危物种的持久性的预测。