Collaborative Research: In Situ-Time Series Experiments Defining the Thermal and Compositional Variability in Tidally Perturbed Submarine Hydrothermal Systems

合作研究：定义潮汐扰动海底热液系统中的热和成分变化的原位时间系列实验

• 批准号: 9820105
• 负责人: John Delaney
• 金额: $ 97.21万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9820105&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Situ; Time; Series

Our program will explore the interactive physical-chemical processes at play in gradient driven submarine environments by focusing on three key questions within a hydrothermal system on the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. These questions include: 1) What are the physical and chemical consequences of phase separation in black smokers; 2) What is the origin of low-temperature diffusely venting fluids that are associated with high-temperature fields, but which also occur far-field, and 3) How can tidal perturbations be used to explore subsurface chemical and microbiological processes within a single hydrothermal field. Investigation of these questions is important in that phase separation (e.g. boiling), diffuse venting, and tidal forcing operate in many, if not all, ridge crest hydrothermal environments; all of these processes are accessible for direct study in the four hydrothermal fields on the Endeavour. Using a range of in situ physical and chemical sensors and a new strategy for sustained fluid sampling, we will document the effects of tidal perturbations in fluid temperature, pressure, composition, and flow rate in areas of both high- and low-temperature flow. Our goal is to develop a series of interdisciplinary models linking the processes that produce these changes. In addition, observed tidal effects will provide insights into the responses of the entire system to identifiable perturbations and may allow us to develop models of subseafloor flow patterns and permeability structure.

我们的项目将重点关注胡安德富卡海岭奋进段热液系统中的三个关键问题，探索梯度驱动的海底环境中相互作用的物理化学过程。 这些问题包括： 1) 相分离对黑烟民的物理和化学后果是什么？ 2）与高温场相关但也发生在远场的低温扩散喷发流体的起源是什么，以及3）如何利用潮汐扰动来探索单个热液中的地下化学和微生物过程场地。 对这些问题的研究非常重要，因为相分离（例如沸腾）、扩散通风和潮汐强迫在许多（如果不是全部）脊顶热液环境中起作用；所有这些过程都可以在奋进号的四个热液场中进行直接研究。使用一系列原位物理和化学传感器以及持续流体采样的新策略，我们将记录潮汐扰动对高温和低温流动区域中流体温度、压力、成分和流速的影响。 我们的目标是开发一系列跨学科模型，将产生这些变化的过程联系起来。 此外，观测到的潮汐效应将有助于深入了解整个系统对可识别扰动的响应，并可能使我们能够开发海底流动模式和渗透性结构的模型。