Biological Impacts on Planetary Atmospheres: Lessons from a Salt Flat

对行星大气的生物影响：盐滩的教训

• 批准号: 9816409
• 负责人: Yuk Yung
• 金额: $ 28.93万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9816409&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biological; Impacts; Planetary; Atmospheres; Lessons

9816409 Nealson For most of the history of the Earth, the biosphere was dominated by simpler organisms, such as algal mats that exist today in Baja California. A fundamental question is how did this primitive biosphere impact the global chemical and physical environment of the planet? The answer to this question is important not only for the past history of Earth, but for other planets in the solar system and extra-solar planets. Recent progress in modeling of planetary atmospheres suggests that an essentially correct understanding of the atmospheric radiative and chemical environment can be attained once the chemical forcing is prescribed. This research effort is a first step in answering these questions by focusing on the interaction between a simple biosphere and the atmospheres of Earth and Mars. Drs. Kenneth Nealson and Yuk Yung will (1) monitor gas fluxes over the surfaces of algal mats; (2) monitor gas concentrations as a function of depth in the mats; (3) perform molecular analyses of the mat populations as a function of depth in order to define the major phylogenetic groups present in the stratified mat communities; and (4) model the impact of gas emissions on the atmosphere. Funding for this project is shared between the Division of Astronomical Sciences and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities in the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate.

9816409 Nealson在大多数地球历史上，生物圈都以更简单的生物为主，例如当今加利福尼亚州巴哈的藻类垫子。 一个基本问题是，这种原始生物圈如何影响地球的全球化学和物理环境？ 这个问题的答案不仅对地球过去的历史，而且对于太阳系和极性行星中的其他行星都很重要。 行星大气建模的最新进展表明，一旦开出化学强迫，就可以实现对大气辐射和化学环境的正确理解。 这项研究工作是通过关注简单的生物圈与地球和火星大气之间的相互作用来回答这些问题的第一步。 博士。肯尼斯·尼尔森（Kenneth Nealson）和阳阳（Yuk Yung）将（1）监视藻类垫表面上的气体通量； （2）监测气体浓度作为垫子中深度的函数； （3）对MAT群体进行分子分析作为深度的函数，以定义分层MAT群落中存在的主要系统发育基团； （4）对气体排放对大气的影响进行建模。该项目的资金是在天文学科学划分与数学和物理科学局多学科活动办公室之间共享的。