Dissertation Research: Temporal Scale and the Consequences of Habitat Fragmentation: The Birds of Pine-Oak Forests in the Oaxaca Valley

论文研究：时间尺度和栖息地破碎化的后果：瓦哈卡山谷松橡树林中的鸟类

• 批准号: 9801587
• 负责人: Townsend Peterson
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9801587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Temporal; Scale; Consequences

9801587 Peterson Spatial scale has been considered carefully in the study of fragmented ecosystems, but the effects of temporal scale have been largely overlooked. Most fragmentation studies focus on anthropogenically fragmented situations that were largely fragmented on a time scale of 101 - 102 yr. This is a time scale within which faunas are expected to still be in the dynamics of relaxation. Naturally fragmented systems, however, provide an opportunity to view older fragmentation schemes ( 103 - 104 yr), potentially allowing analysis of response patterns under equilibrium conditions. The Oaxaca Valley in southern Mexico represents a naturally fragmented ecosystem, ideal for the study of the long-term effects of habitat fragmentation. Twelve thousand years ago, humid pine-oak forest was the dominant vegetation type throughout the region. This forest type is now restricted to high elevations. In the proposed study, the resident bird communities in these relict patches will be inventoried, distribution patterns described and avifaunal variation related to patch characteristics. Distributional data will be compiled using existing historic specimen data, and inventories completed by field inventories. Fragments will be described based on direct field measurement, consultation of thematic maps, and data from remotely sensed imagery. Robust new statistical techniques, which we have tested in anthropogenically fragmented ecosystems, will be applied to understanding influences of temporal scale on effects of fragmentation on avifaunas. Additional analyses will focus on functional groups of taxa, such as feeding guilds, phylogenetic lineages, etc., to provide more detailed understanding of processes involved. Results will be applied to designing a reserve system for maximal preservation of the bird diversity of the ecosystem.

9801587 Peterson 在碎片化生态系统的研究中，已经仔细考虑了空间尺度，但时间尺度的影响在很大程度上被忽视了。大多数碎片化研究都集中在人为碎片化情况上，这些情况主要在 101 - 102 年的时间范围内碎片化。 在这个时间尺度内，动物群预计仍处于放松的动态状态。然而，自然破碎的系统提供了查看较旧的破碎方案（103 - 104 年）的机会，可能允许分析平衡条件下的响应模式。墨西哥南部的瓦哈卡谷代表了一个自然破碎的生态系统，非常适合研究栖息地破碎化的长期影响。一万二千年前，潮湿的松橡树林是整个地区的主要植被类型。 这种森林类型现在仅限于高海拔地区。在拟议的研究中，将对这些遗迹斑块中的常驻鸟类群落进行清查，描述分布模式以及与斑块特征相关的鸟类区系变化。分布数据将使用现有的历史标本数据和现场清查完成的清查来编制。将根据直接现场测量、专题地图查阅和遥感图像数据来描述片段。我们在人为破碎的生态系统中测试过的强大的新统计技术将用于了解时间尺度对破碎化对鸟类的影响。其他分析将集中于类群的功能组，例如饲养行会、系统发育谱系等，以提供对所涉及过程的更详细的理解。研究结果将用于设计一个保护区系统，以最大限度地保护生态系统的鸟类多样性。