The Ecological Genetics of Natural Populations of Ustilago violacea on Silene alba

黑粉菌自然种群的生态遗传学

• 批准号: 9632338
• 负责人: Janis Antonovics
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-01 至 1999-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9632338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; Genetics; Natural; Populations; Ustilago

9632338 Antonovics The laws of genetics predict that the genes contributed by each parent to their progeny will again reappear in a 50:50 ratio in the gametes of the progeny. However, increasingly it has been found that some genes are "selfish" and alter the pattern of transmission so as to favor their representation in future generations. This study will investigate a possible example of such biased transmission involving the gene determining the mating type of a fungus that infects and sterilizes the flowers of a common plant species. Since fusion of cells of opposite mating types is necessary for the fungus to cause disease, the bias should be disadvantageous, but instead it has spread in natural populations. The cause of the bias and possible reasons for its spread will be investigated. The study is important in understanding disease spread in natural and agricultural plant populations, and in understanding unusual mechanisms in genetic transmission. These mechanisms may prove useful for engineering the rapid spread of particular genes that either limit pathogen growth, or enhance the spread of pathogens used in the biological control of weeds.

9632338 Antonovics遗传学定律预测，每个父母对他们后代的贡献的基因将再次以50:50的比例重新出现在后代的配子中。 但是，人们越来越多地发现，某些基因是“自私的”，并改变了传播的模式，以便在后代的代表中偏爱它们的代表。 这项研究将调查这种偏见传播的可能例子，涉及确定真菌的交配类型，该真菌感染并消毒了普通植物的花朵。 由于对相反类型的细胞的融合对于真菌引起疾病是必要的，因此偏见应该不利，而是在自然种群中扩散。 偏见的原因和可能的传播原因将被调查。 该研究对于理解疾病在自然和农业植物种群中的传播以及理解遗传传播中的异常机制很重要。 这些机制可能被证明可用于设计限制病原体生长的特定基因的快速传播，或者可以增强杂草生物控制中使用的病原体的扩散。