Nonlinear Dynamics in Chemical Systems

化学系统中的非线性动力学

• 批准号: 9531515
• 负责人: Kenneth Showalter
• 金额: $ 31.61万
• 依托单位: West Virginia University Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-15 至 1999-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9531515&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nonlinear; Dynamics; Chemical; Systems

Professor Kenneth Showalter is supported by a grant from the Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Program to continue his work on nonlinear dynamics in chemical systems. The research involves studies of complex chemical dynamics in continuously stirred reactors, in homogeneous and unstirred systems, and distributed chemical systems. Three main lines of research are proposed: 1) developing techniques to control chaos using linear and nonlinear control methods; 2) studies of chemical waves in inhomogeneous and perturbed excitable media; and 3) studies of instabilities in propagating reaction-diffusion fronts. Both experimental and theoretical studies will be performed. One novel experimental project being explored by Showalter is the use of an ink jet printer to prepare patterns of immobilized catalyst for excitable chemical systems. This enables him to study chemical wave behavior in the presence of systematically designed geometric constraints which are models for excitable biological media such as the heart muscle. Nonlinear dynamics is a powerful tool for understanding complexity in nature, and it has many practical applications. Biological applications include stabilizing periodic rhythms in heart tissue and inducing periodic and chaotic behavior in hippocampal brain tissue. Major successes can also be found in applications of the principles of excitable media to cardiology, which have led to an understanding of the role spiral waves play in heart maladies such as tachycardia and fibrillation. Showalter's research provides a fundamental chemical understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings for these important biological phenomena.

肯尼思·肖沃尔特教授得到理论和计算化学项目的资助，继续他在化学系统非线性动力学方面的工作。 该研究涉及连续搅拌反应器、均相和非搅拌系统以及分布式化学系统中的复杂化学动力学研究。 提出了三个主要研究方向：1）开发使用线性和非线性控制方法来控制混沌的技术； 2）非均匀和扰动可激发介质中化学波的研究； 3）传播反应扩散前沿的不稳定性研究。 将进行实验和理论研究。 Showalter 正在探索的一个新颖的实验项目是使用喷墨打印机来制备可激发化学系统的固定催化剂图案。 这使他能够在系统设计的几何约束条件下研究化学波行为，这些几何约束条件是可兴奋生物介质（例如心肌）的模型。 非线性动力学是理解自然界复杂性的强大工具，并且具有许多实际应用。 生物学应用包括稳定心脏组织的周期性节律以及诱导海马脑组织的周期性和混乱行为。 将可兴奋介质原理应用于心脏病学也取得了重大成功，这使得人们了解螺旋波在心动过速和心颤等心脏疾病中所起的作用。 肖沃尔特的研究为这些重要生物现象的机械基础提供了基本的化学理解。