Selection and Plasticity in Social Behavior and Signals

社会行为和信号的选择和可塑性

• 批准号: 9514063
• 负责人: Claudia Rauter
• 金额: $ 19.96万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 2000-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9514063&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Selection; Plasticity; Social; Behavior; Signals

Abstract Moore 9514063 Secondary sexual characters are traits that influence the reproductive success of individuals. These traits, such as elaborate structures, nuptial colors, courtship songs, or sex pheromones, have no function outside of mating. They are often elaborate and may be costly to produce and maintain. Secondary sexual characters develop after adulthood prior to full sexual maturity and are often sexually dimorphic. Elaborate secondary sexual characters are most often associated with males, often change with age, influenced by the environment, and can be conditiondependent. These traits have evolved as a result of sexual selection: i.e. either their impact on male-male competition for mates or their influence on female mating preferences. This study will determine the quantitative genetics and evolution of the male-produced sex pheromone of Nauphoeta cinerea and the social behavior of males and females that is displayed in response to this pheromone. This sexual signal develops after males emerge to adulthood, is sex limited in expression, and changes with age and social experience after it has developed. Further, this signal has apparently evolved as a result of sexual selection; both of the behavioral mechanisms of sexual selection are influenced by variation in this pheromone. Females discriminate among males on the basis of this pheromone, and bias the developmental rates of their offspring by mating discriminatory. The outcome of aggressive social interactions among males is also influenced by this pheromone. Extensive background knowledge and experience in studying this pheromone allows one to address fundamental questions concerning the impacts of variable environments, genetics, and development of this sex pheromone and associated behaviors. The P.I. will determine developmental and age-related changes in this pheromone. In addition he will address how the external environment experienced during development shapes sexually-selected signals and behavior. Fi nally, this will quantify the extent that genetic variation impacts responses to environmental influences. These results will increase our understanding of the genetics and evolution of social signals. These experiments will provide the first information on how the behaviors and signals involved in sexual selection are mediated by plasticity. In addition, they will address the importance of genotype by environment (GxE) interactions for sexual selection.

摩尔摘要9514063次要性特征是影响个人生殖成功的特征。 这些特征，例如精美的结构，婚礼色彩，求爱歌曲或性信息素，在交配之外没有任何功能。 它们通常是精心制作的，生产和维护可能是昂贵的。次要性格在成年后成熟后发展，并且通常是性二态性的。 精心设计的次要性特征通常与男性有关，通常会随着年龄的增长而变化，受环境影响，并且可能依赖于条件。 这些特征是由于性选择而发展的：即，它们对男性对伴侣的影响或对女性交配偏好的影响。 这项研究将确定nauphoeta cinerea的男性产生性信息素的定量遗传学和进化，以及响应于该信息素的男性和女性的社会行为。 这种性信号在雄性成年后出现，性别有限，表达限制，并且随着年龄和社交经验的发展而变化。 此外，该信号显然是由于性选择而发展的。性选择的两种行为机制都受此信息素的差异的影响。 女性根据该信息素歧视男性，并通过交配歧视性偏见其后代的发育率。 男性激进的社会互动的结果也受到这种信息素的影响。 广泛的背景知识和研究此信息素的经验使人们可以解决有关可变环境，遗传学以及这种性信息素和相关行为的影响的基本问题。 P.I.将确定该信息素的发展和年龄相关的变化。 此外，他将解决开发过程中外部环境的经历如何形成性选择的信号和行为。 Fi nally，这将量化遗传变异影响对环境影响的反应的程度。这些结果将增加我们对社会信号的遗传学和演变的理解。 这些实验将提供有关如何通过可塑性介导的性选择行为和信号的第一个信息。 此外，他们将通过环境（GXE）相互作用来解决基因型对性选择的重要性。