RUI: Hormonal and Body Condition Effects on Natal Dispersal in Birds: Tests of a New Model

RUI：荷尔蒙和身体状况对鸟类出生传播的影响：新模型的测试

• 批准号: 9509079
• 负责人: James Belthoff
• 金额: $ 16.5万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-15 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509079&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Hormonal; Body; Condition; Effects

9509079 Natal dispersal, the movement from place of birth to location of first breeding, occurs in virtually all higher vertebrates. These movements have important implications for population regulation, mating systems, genetics, and conservation biology. The goal of this project is to understand the physiological ecology of natal dispersal movements in birds. A new model of dispersal, based on interactions among hormonal changes, body condition, and social stimuli, will be tested using both captive and free-living birds. The model predicts that level of corticosterone, a hormone known to stimulate increased locomotor and foraging activity, increases prior to dispersal due to a combination of endogenous and external events. This stimulates the locomotor activity that underlies dispersal behavior, and juveniles with sufficient fat reserves will disperse at that time. Birds in poor body condition will delay dispersing, but will increase their foraging activity. Dispersal of their siblings will reduce aggression and/or competition for food, enabling the remaining juveniles to improve their body condition and disperse. To test this model, hormone profiles of captive birds will be manipulated and their subsequent activity levels examined in relation to timing of dispersal. A second set of experiments will examine the relationship between corticosterone and timing of dispersal movements by free-living juvenile birds. These experiments will determine how activity levels, body condition, and hormones interact to control natal dispersal. This study will provide significant new insight into the factors controlling natal dispersal. The results will provide a basis for future studies of hormones and dispersal in vertebrates, and may be of applied value in managing the dispersal of species whose management is important.

9509079 出生传播，即从出生地到首次繁殖地的移动，几乎发生在所有高等脊椎动物中。 这些运动对种群调节、交配系统、遗传学和保护生物学具有重要影响。该项目的目标是了解鸟类出生时扩散运动的生理生态。 一种基于荷尔蒙变化、身体状况和社会刺激之间相互作用的新扩散模型将使用圈养和自由生活的鸟类进行测试。 该模型预测，皮质酮（一种已知会刺激运动和觅食活动增加的激素）水平在扩散之前由于内源性和外部事件的结合而增加。 这会刺激分散行为背后的运动活动，并且具有足够脂肪储备的幼体将在那时分散。 身体状况不佳的鸟类会延迟分散，但会增加觅食活动。 兄弟姐妹的分散将减少攻击性和/或对食物的竞争，使剩下的幼年个体能够改善身体状况并分散。 为了测试这个模型，将操纵圈养鸟类的激素分布，并检查它们随后的活动水平与扩散时间的关系。 第二组实验将研究皮质酮与自由生活的幼鸟扩散运动时间之间的关系。 这些实验将确定活动水平、身体状况和激素如何相互作用来控制出生扩散。 这项研究将为控制出生扩散的因素提供重要的新见解。研究结果将为未来脊椎动物激素和扩散的研究提供基础，并且可能在管理重要物种的扩散方面具有应用价值。