Thermal Destruction and Carbonaceous Particulate Formation During the Pyrolysis and Combustion of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

氯化烃热解和燃烧过程中的热破坏和碳质颗粒的形成

• 批准号: 9302341
• 负责人: Ashwani Gupta
• 金额: $ 23.11万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-02-15 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9302341&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Thermal; Destruction; Carbonaceous; Particulate; Formation

The overall objective of this investigation is delineation of mechanisms of thermal destruction and product formation (major product species as well as dioxins and furans) during the pyrolysis and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) fuels at different air/fuel ratios and various surrounding thermal and chemical environments. Soot and carbonaceous particles formed during pyrolysis and combustion of various CHC fuels as well as ignition delay times over a range of temperatures will also be determined. Droplets/particles of CHC fuels representative of industrial hazardous wastes will be selected and their time-resolved behavior during passage along the axis of controlled temperature-composition reactor determined. Information will thus be obtained on the thermal destruction, vaporization, and combustion of these fuels under well-defined conditions of fuel particle/droplet size, inter- particle spacing, and thermal and chemical envirionment around the particle in order to guide the development of strategies for effective thermal destruction of hazardous wastes in addition to determining ignition delays, combustion rates, destruction efficiencies, and formation of volatile organic compounds, dioxins, furans, soot, and carbonaceous particles during combustion. This approach will yield rate and mechanistic information on the thermal destruction and and product formation of CHC fuels. Particular emphasis will be place on definition of approaches for avoidance of formation of chlorine, phosgene, soot, particulates, dioxins, and furans during the combustion of such fuels. The incentive for this research arises from the need for scientific and engineering information on the combustion and pollution characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds such that large-scale hazardous chemical waste incineration systems can be designed and operated more reliably and satifactorily in an environmentally acceptable manner without undue hazard to human health and environment. The lack of our present understanding on the combustion characteristics of CHCs, particularly as regards thermal destruction and production of various toxic products, has resulted in the use of highly empirical methods for design of incinerators. This research program is aimed at development of a better understanding of the thermal destruction and product formation mechanisms, as well as determination of information regarding formation of soot and particulates and ignition delay times associated with these species during the incineration of hazardous chlorinated wastes.

本研究的总体目标是描述氯化烃 (CHC) 燃料在不同空气/燃料比和各种周围热和条件下热解和燃烧过程中的热破坏和产物形成（主要产物种类以及二恶英和呋喃）的机制。化学环境。 还将确定各种 CHC 燃料热解和燃烧过程中形成的烟灰和碳质颗粒，以及一定温度范围内的点火延迟时间。 将选择代表工业危险废物的 CHC 燃料液滴/颗粒，并确定它们在沿着受控温度组合反应器的轴线通过期间的时间分辨行为。 因此，将获得有关这些燃料在燃料颗粒/液滴尺寸、颗粒间距以及颗粒周围的热和化学环境的明确条件下的热破坏、汽化和燃烧的信息，以指导策略的制定除了确定点火延迟、燃烧速率、销毁效率以及燃烧过程中挥发性有机化合物、二恶英、呋喃、烟灰和碳质颗粒的形成之外，还可以对危险废物进行有效的热销毁。 这种方法将产生有关 CHC 燃料的热破坏和产物形成的速率和机械信息。 将特别强调定义避免在此类燃料燃烧过程中形成氯、光气、烟灰、颗粒物、二恶英和呋喃的方法。 这项研究的动机来自于需要有关氯化烃化合物的燃烧和污染特性的科学和工程信息，以便能够以环境可接受的方式更可靠和令人满意地设计和运行大型危险化学废物焚烧系统，而不会造成不必要的损失。对人类健康和环境造成危害。 目前我们对 CHC 的燃烧特性缺乏了解，特别是热破坏和各种有毒产品的产生，导致焚烧炉设计采用高度经验的方法。 该研究计划旨在更好地了解热破坏和产物形成机制，并确定有关危险氯化废物焚烧过程中烟灰和颗粒物形成以及与这些物质相关的点火延迟时间的信息。