Studies of an Earthquake Simulator for the Large Geotechnical Centrifuge at Davis, California

加利福尼亚州戴维斯大型岩土离心机地震模拟器的研究

• 批准号: 9106503
• 负责人: Bruce Kutter
• 金额: $ 19.05万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-15 至 1993-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9106503&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Earthquake; Simulator; Large; Geotechnical

Centrifuge modeling is a useful technique for studying a wide variety of geotechnical earthquake engineering problems. Centrifuge models of geotechnical structures can be carefully instrumented and subjected to extreme - that is, design level - loading conditions in a repeatable and realistic manner. Specifically, they can be subjected to simulated large earthquakes. This has the potential to provide data that are extremely difficult - and rarely possible - to obtain from full-scale geotechnical structures subjected to naturally occurring large earthquakes. This earthquake simulation capability is already available at five academic institutions in the U.S., but to date only small geotechnical models can be subjected to simulated earthquakes. Researchers at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are currently designing a shaker which will permit the use of intermediate-sized models on the intermediate- sized centrifuge at that institution. This action is to support design studies for an earthquake simulator for the large geotechnical centrifuge at the University of California at Davis. This simulator would have the capacity to subject large models to simulated earthquakes. The unique feature of this centrifuge is its bucket size (6 feet by 7 feet in plan), which permits experiments to be conducted on large models. The large models that can be tested permit: (1) use of more instrumentation while minimizing the influence of instrumentation on model behavior; (2) fine details can be included in the model; and (3) the possibility of conducting tests at lower scale factors to minimize scale effects and to extend the range of modeling of models (a technique to verify that small-scale models are capable of modeling accurately the full-scale behavior). This design study is monitored by an Oversight Committee composed of experts from other institutions. The Oversight Committee will undertake separate design studies; which, when combined with those supported by this award, are expected to address effectively the extremely challenging problems associated with the design of a large centrifuge earthquake simulation facility.

离心机建模是研究多种岩土技术工程问题的有用技术。 岩土结构的离心机模型可以仔细仪器，并以可重复和现实的方式进行极端 - 即设计水平 - 加载条件。 具体而言，它们可以受到模拟大地震的影响。 这有可能提供极其困难（很少可能）从天然发生大地震的全尺度岩土结构中获得的数据。 这种地震模拟能力已经可以在美国的五个学术机构中获得，但是迄今为止，只有小的岩土技术模型可以受到模拟地震。 Rensselaer理工学院的研究人员目前正在设计一种振动筛，该振动器将允许在该机构的中型离心机上使用中型模型。 此行动是为加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的大型岩土离心机的地震模拟器提供设计研究。 该模拟器将有能力对大型模型进行模拟地震。 此离心机的独特功能是其铲斗大小（计划中6英尺乘7英尺），这允许在大型模型上进行实验。 可以测试的大型模型允许：（1）使用更多的仪器，同时最大程度地减少仪器对模型行为的影响； （2）模型中可以包含细节； （3）在较低尺度因素上进行测试以最大程度地减少尺度效应并扩展模型的范围（一种验证小规模模型是否能够准确地对全尺度行为进行建模）。 这项设计研究由由其他机构的专家组成的监督委员会监控。 监督委员会将进行单独的设计研究；当该奖项与该奖项支持的人结合在一起时，预计将有效解决与大型离心地震模拟设施的设计相关的极具挑战性问题。