Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Species Abundance and Distribution

物种丰度和分布的时空分析

• 批准号: 9007450
• 负责人: Scott Collins
• 金额: $ 1.25万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-01 至 1992-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9007450&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spatial; Temporal; Analysis; Species; Abundance

Understanding the distribution and abundance of species both within and between communities has been one of the primary goals in community ecology. Although much research has focused on within community patterns, there has been a new emphasis on factors associated with regional distribution and abundance. Recently, Hanski (1982) proposed a dynamic regional distribution model based on island biogeography from which he derived the core-satellite hypothesis. The core-satellite hypothesis predicts a bimodal frequency distribution in which species tend to occur at all similar sights in a region (core species) or they tend towards extinction (satellite species). This model contrasts with others which predict a unimodal distribution of species in a region. This project will test the unique aspects of Hanski's model in comparison to other models (Levins 1969, Brown 1984) by analyzing and adding to plant distribution data from the Konza Prairie Long-term Ecological Research Site. General questions include: is the regional distribution of plant species bimodal? Do species shift from core to satellite categories and vice versa? Does grazing effect the pattern of bimodality in plant communities? Preliminary research indicates that prairie vegetation is dynamic over the short term, and that species regional and temporal distributions are bimodal as predicted by the core- satellite model. This project will provide the first real test of this important model using spatial and temporal data, in combination with a large-scale field experiment from a single site. A suite of plant surveys will augment long-term distributional data on prairie plants, and provide the primary basis for model testing. Data generated as part of large-scale trails on grazing and fire disturbance will provide a unique opportunity to validate the model experimentally and test the role of intermediate levels of disturbance inustructuring plant communities. Overall, this research has clear implications for understanding factors affecting the structure, dynamics, and distribution of plant species within and between grassland communities.

了解群落内部和群落之间物种的分布和丰度一直是群落生态学的主要目标之一。 尽管许多研究都集中在群落模式内部，但与区域分布和丰度相关的因素也得到了新的重视。 最近，Hanski（1982）提出了一种基于岛屿生物地理学的动态区域分布模型，并由此推导出核心卫星假说。 核心卫星假说预测了双峰频率分布，其中物种倾向于出现在一个区域的所有相似地点（核心物种），或者它们倾向于灭绝（卫星物种）。该模型与其他预测区域内物种单峰分布的模型形成鲜明对比。 该项目将通过分析和添加来自孔扎草原长期生态研究站点的植物分布数据来测试汉斯基模型与其他模型（Levins 1969，Brown 1984）相比的独特之处。 一般问题包括：植物物种的区域分布是否是双峰的？ 物种是否会从核心类别转变为附属类别，反之亦然？ 放牧会影响植物群落的双峰模式吗？ 初步研究表明，草原植被在短期内是动态的，并且正如核心卫星模型预测的那样，物种的区域和时间分布是双峰的。 该项目将利用空间和时间数据，结合单个地点的大规模现场实验，对这一重要模型进行首次真实测试。 一系列植物调查将增强草原植物的长期分布数据，并为模型测试提供主要基础。 作为大规模放牧和火灾干扰试验的一部分生成的数据将为通过实验验证模型并测试中等程度的干扰对植物群落的作用提供独特的机会。 总体而言，这项研究对于理解影响草原群落内部和群落之间植物物种的结构、动态和分布的因素具有明确的意义。