Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone.

Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants in food. For food safety, an efficient and environmental-friendly approach to ZEN degradation is significant. In this study, an Aspergillus niger strain, FS10, was stimulated with 1.0 μg/mL ZEN for 24 h, repeating 5 times to obtain a stressed strain, Zearalenone-Stressed-FS10 (ZEN-S-FS10), with high degradation efficiency. The results show that the degradation rate of ZEN-S-FS10 to ZEN can be stabilized above 95%. Through metabolomics analysis of the metabolome difference of FS10 before and after ZEN stimulation, it was found that the change of metabolic profile may be the main reason for the increase in the degradation rate of ZEN. The optimization results of degradation conditions of ZEN-S-FS10 show that the degradation efficiency is the highest with a concentration of 104 CFU/mL and a period of 28 h. Finally, we analyzed the degradation products by UPLC-q-TOF, which shows that ZEN was degraded into two low-toxicity products: C18H22O8S (Zearalenone 4-sulfate) and C18H22O5 ((E)-Zearalenone). This provides a wide range of possibilities for the industrial application of this strain.

玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）是食品中最常见的霉菌毒素污染物之一。为了食品安全，一种高效且环保的ZEN降解方法具有重要意义。在本研究中，用1.0μg/mL的ZEN刺激黑曲霉菌株FS10 24小时，重复5次，以获得一种具有高降解效率的应激菌株——玉米赤霉烯酮应激FS10（ZEN - S - FS10）。结果表明，ZEN - S - FS10对ZEN的降解率可稳定在95%以上。通过对ZEN刺激前后FS10代谢组差异的代谢组学分析，发现代谢谱的变化可能是ZEN降解率提高的主要原因。ZEN - S - FS10降解条件的优化结果显示，在浓度为10⁴CFU/mL且时间为28小时时降解效率最高。最后，我们通过超高效液相色谱 - 四极杆 - 飞行时间质谱（UPLC - q - TOF）分析了降解产物，结果表明ZEN被降解为两种低毒性产物：C₁₈H₂₂O₈S（玉米赤霉烯酮4 - 硫酸盐）和C₁₈H₂₂O₅（（E）-玉米赤霉烯酮）。这为该菌株的工业应用提供了广泛的可能性。