冲击载荷下增材制造金属材料的动态响应及微观结构演化研究进展

冲击载荷下增材制造金属材料的动态响应及微观结构演化研究进展

As a manufacturing technology that has developed rapidly in the past nearly 20 years, additive manufacturing technology can rapidly and directly manufacture parts with complex shapes and has been increasingly applied in the industrial field. In practical applications, these additive-manufactured components often bear the action of high-speed impact loads. Therefore, their dynamic bearing capacity and failure characteristics are the focus of attention, and also bring huge challenges to the application of additive manufacturing technology and its products in fields such as national defense and military, and weaponry and equipment. Firstly, the principles and characteristics of additive manufacturing technology are summarized; then the macro/micro mechanical response characteristics of additive-manufactured metal components under extreme conditions such as high-speed impact are emphatically introduced, and the new changes in the dynamic properties of metal materials brought about by new manufacturing methods are explored; finally, the development prospects of additive manufacturing technology and products in fields such as national defense and military, and weaponry and equipment are prospected.

作为近20年来快速发展的制造技术,增材制造技术能够快速、直接制造形状复杂的零件,在工业领域得到越来越多的应用。在实际应用中,这些增材制造的零部件经常承受高速冲击载荷作用,因此其动态承载能力及破坏失效特征是人们关注的焦点,也给增材制造技术及其产品在国防军事、武器装备等领域的应用带来巨大挑战。首先综述增材制造技术的原理和特点;然后着重介绍在高速冲击等极端情况下增材制造金属零部件的宏/微观力学响应特征,探讨新的制造方法带来的金属材料动态性能的新变化;最后展望增材制造技术及产品在国防军事、武器装备等领域的发展前景。