京津冀城市群就业密度空间分布特征及溢出效应

京津冀城市群就业密度空间分布特征及溢出效应

The development of urban agglomerations is the main carrier of a country's economic development, and the examination of employment density is an important perspective for understanding the scale and efficiency of urban agglomerations. Based on the panel data of 180 districts and counties (cities) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2015, this article examines the spatial distribution characteristics and spillover effects of its employment density. The research findings of the article are as follows: The overall employment density of the urban agglomeration is concentrated in first-tier cities, and the corridor diffusion characteristics are obvious; the spatial distribution differences of employment density within the urban agglomeration are significant, presenting a multi-center structure dominated by a strong center in Beijing; the spatial spillover effect of employment density is related to the degree of employment agglomeration. In areas with higher employment density, the spatial spillover effect is obvious, while in areas with low employment density, there is no spatial spillover effect. The policy recommendations of the article are: Further reduce the employment threshold in central cities and support cross-regional economic cooperation; implement differentiated industrial development function orientations in different employment density areas.

城市群的发展是国家经济发展的主要载体,对就业密度的考察是理解城市群规模与效率的一个重要视角。文章基于2000—2015年京津冀城市群180个区县(市)的面板数据,考察了其就业密度的空间分布特征与溢出效应。文章研究发现:城市群整体的就业密度向一线城市集中,廊道扩散特征明显;城市群内部就业密度的空间分布差异显著,是以北京强中心为主导的多中心结构;就业密度的空间溢出效应与就业集聚程度有关,就业密度越高的地区,其空间溢出效应明显,就业密度低的地区不具有空间溢出效应。文章的政策建议是:进一步降低中心城市就业门槛,支持经济的跨地区合作;在不同就业密度地区,实行差异化的产业发展功能定位。