The effects of exercise training on vascular function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

The effects of exercise training on vascular function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity due, in part, to impaired vascular function. Exercise confers cardioprotection by improving vascular health. Yet, whether OSA severity affects the vascular improvements conferred with exercise training is not known. Overweight (body mass index (BMI) >27 kg/m2) adults were evaluated for OSA and enrolled in a six-week exercise intervention. Baseline assessments of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD), central augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were repeated post training. Fifty-one participants (25 men; 26 women) completed the study. Despite improved aerobic capacity (p=0.0005) and total fat mass (p=0.0005), no change in vascular function was observed. Participants were divided into two severity groups according to their baseline total apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as either 5 to 14.9 events•hr−1 (n= 21; Age=48 ± 7 yrs; BMI=33.7 ± 4.6kg•m−2) or 15 ≥events•hr−1 (n=30; Age=56 ± 13 yrs; BMI = 34.3 ± 4.2 kg•m−2). No effect of OSA group was observed for BAFMD (p=0.82), AIx (p=0.37) or PWV (p=0.44), suggesting that OSA severity does not influence the effect of exercise on vascular function. The vascular effects of extended exercise programs of greater intensity in overweight OSA patients should be examined.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与心血管疾病发病率增加有关，部分原因是血管功能受损。运动通过改善血管健康提供心脏保护作用。然而，OSA的严重程度是否会影响运动训练对血管的改善作用尚不明确。对超重（体重指数（BMI）>27 kg/m²）的成年人进行OSA评估，并让他们参加为期六周的运动干预。在训练后重复进行肱动脉血流介导的舒张（BAFMD）、中心增强指数（AIx）和脉搏波速度（PWV）的基线评估。51名参与者（25名男性；26名女性）完成了研究。尽管有氧能力（p = 0.0005）和总脂肪量（p = 0.0005）有所改善，但未观察到血管功能的变化。根据参与者的基线呼吸暂停 - 低通气指数（AHI）总和将他们分为两个严重程度组，分别为5至14.9次/小时（n = 21；年龄 = 48 ± 7岁；BMI = 33.7 ± 4.6 kg/m²）或≥15次/小时（n = 30；年龄 = 56 ± 13岁；BMI = 34.3 ± 4.2 kg/m²）。未观察到OSA组对BAFMD（p = 0.82）、AIx（p = 0.37）或PWV（p = 0.44）有影响，这表明OSA严重程度不影响运动对血管功能的作用。应该研究强度更大、时间更长的运动方案对超重OSA患者血管的影响。